What is the difference between a gerund and an infinitive? Words plus gerund and infinitive (forget, remember, regret, stop, go on, like, prefer)

Through a period of intensive mastery of English, the practical skin of the student comes to grips with two unique concepts - “gerund” and “infinitive”. They are absent in our language in this form, and the complexity of their structure is similar to the translation and sense, and the difference in structure and formation of the speech. Neither gerunds nor infinitives are most often the head members of a proposition, and they are used as additional explanations that carry important information.

There are two options – forms of additives, which add basic additives to the standard product. Which of the options to choose in a particular field should be kept in the form of evidence, and the rules of choice: gerunds and infinitives need to be remembered. It’s time to wrap your head around your head and create intuitively. Let’s take a closer look at the skins of them, the significance of their similarity and importance, and let’s look at the rules for their use in propositions.

No smoking, otherwise the tuxedo is not included! What is Gerund?

Important information – there are no gerunds and nouns, but there are no similar forms in Russian language, so what about nutrition? (in such situations, what should we do?) And the word is translated, as if it were similar to the place name.

This can be compared to a decorator. In propositions, the new role is extended and additional. Behind the structure there is a word + suffix -ing, for example, reading, dancing. Moreover, in the translation these words sound like “reading” and “dancing” quite obviously. Many and some look the same. It is necessary to remember the bunt:

All words in the form Gerund have the suffix -ing, or “ingove” ends, but not all words that end in ing have a gerund.

• Her singing is not good – her singing is not very kind.
• I may finished explaining the rule. – I have completed explaining the rules.

The phrase can be translated in another way, so that the formulation becomes more reasonable - “I stopped explaining the rule.” Here the gerund acts as a complement to the word and reveals the main idea of ​​who is speaking. Moreover, those who are expected until now, for such an action, plans to use Infinitive.

The gerund is constricted in the 3 main forms

• Connect with active drives before, in, after, instead of, good at;
• In Virazakh there is no point in, it's no good, it's no use;
• It is connected with certain basic words as an addition.
  Since the gerund plays a significant role, the proposition looks something like this:
  singing is very good for your mood - singing is good for your mood.
  smoking is prohibited – the chicken area is fenced off.

Victorializations from the users of gerunds are also supplemented and are translated in the following order:

• Before going out, please take your keys - before going out, please take your keys;
• Try not to go to work instead of losing your home and taking your life.

Here the form of the gerund becomes stagnant, since the action was observed in the past and may flow at the present moment. You should use a similar design in the following situations:

1. Diya is not tied up at all times: no smoking! (no smoking!).
2. This activity is planned: we are thinking of going to Moscow this coming weekend.
3. I’ll describe the action that happens at the moment of prayer: I’m surprised to hear it – I’m a little shocked.
4. The main action is the inheritance of what is expected, assigned to additional ones: I don't remember doing it before - I don't remember doing it before.

Words followed by the form “gerund”

Let's take a closer look at the situation when there is a connection between two words, one of them may be in the form of an infinitive or a gerund and complement the main one. There are options when it is possible to substitute only one form, when it suits the offense without changing the sense, and when the word form integrates the translation of the proposition. There are cases where gerunds and infinitives bring completely different changes to the conversation.

If a sentence has one of the adverbial words, then it is prefixed with a gerund:

They will always have a gerund behind them, and the connective will have the following order:

• V (word) + v-ing.

How to recognize the infinitive?

The other side of the coin is the infinitive form of the word. Vin denotes action, the shorter and shorter hour, the lower gerund. As a rule, the infinitive is intended to be produced from the future, from direct actions on a planned basis, for their achievement it is necessary to carry out any action. For example:

• She asked me to protect her- Vona asked me to kidnap her.

The infinitive conveys more complex actions, thus specifying the situation with a gerund. Therefore, in the first version, everything is surrounded by words, while in the other version, explanations are often added.

Behind the structure of the infinitive there is an unmarked, cob-like form of the word and it represents nutrition. What to do? What to earn? The word is translated in times like action, and in propositions it is lived out with the frequent “to”. Moreover, two infinitives are then shared by the receiver and, and the other is expressed without to. This is called “bare infinitive” or bare infinitive. Butt:

• He went to the pool to swim and meet friends- Go to the pool to swim and catch up with friends.

The infinitive is used in speech in the following forms:

1. After all, glad, nice, good, happy and sorry: I'm glad to see you - I'm glad to see you.
2. To clarify the meaning of the action, if you can put the question “What’s up?”: She gave me a new one to keep me healthy.
3. After writing with the word would, for example: I would like to read book - I would like to read a book.
4. After the modal words can, should, must, and also after make and let, the infinitive is used without the “to” part: I can take your bag - I can take your bag.
5. After the transfer of words such as agree, beg, choose, the list will be given below.

To understand the rules for establishing the infinitive form, you should know when it is used:

• For the appointment of two events that take place simultaneously, and also that they take place sequentially in the nearest future;
  - at times there are hopes, dreams, plans and goals;
• After the modal words, or the connection with was and were, signifying incompleteness, incompleteness of the process: you should have stayed at home - you are to blame for losing your home;
• For the purpose of the trival process, which is carried out now: I know that he has 3 years of football - I know him to play football for 3 years;

The infinitive is vicoristic in the language 2-3 times earlier than the lower gerund. If you cannot choose the correct form in words, arrange the phrase in such a way as to match the known construction. The advantages of the gerund and the infinitive are interchangeable, depending on the situation and the placement of words in the sentence.

Words for infinitive

For the infinitive form, use the following construction:

• V (word in the list) + V/to V.

For this scheme, it is easy to combine options with the following words:

Here are the main words that will be included in the basic language, which is completely sufficient for complete integration with the language of the language.

Similarities of gerund and infinitive

There are words and definitions, after which you can put one or the other option without changing the words. It is clear to them:

• To begin, to continue, to intend, to love, to start, to finish.

Apply the proposition with such minds:

• She began to cry/crying – Vaughn began to cry.
  - She continued to talk/talking – Vona continued to talk.
  - I love to dance/dancing – I love dancing.
  - We started to read/reading – We started reading.
  - They finished to discuss/discussing – They finished the discussion.

The main meanings of the gerund and infinitive

Regardless of the similarities, one can understand that the two forms of the word have a number of cardinal implications.

• First of all, the infinitive explains the action more briefly, meaning the trivial process of vicorizing the gerund.
• In another way, in fences that are indicated on the tables, the gerund is used as a gerund, which is more popular and is used almost 2 times more often.
• Thirdly, the infinitive indicates a predicted action that is planned for the future. The gerund indicates an idea or process that is happening today or has happened in the past.

The cutaneous form has a mixture of words, with which you can use only gerunds, or some infinitives, and also words, if there is a stagnant insult, but they also carry different substitutions.

For example, the word “be anxious” can be translated as “strongly want” or “afraid of inheritance,” depending on which gerund or infinitive comes after.

• I'm anxious about leaving my son alone in the house“I’m afraid of leaving my son alone in the house.”
• I'm anxious to hear your news– I really want a little bit of your news.

And the word “forget” in such a word has a radically different place, related to “judgment”.

• I forgot giving you my book- I forgot that I gave you the book (The Passing Hour), because
• I forgot to give you my book- I forgot to give you my book.

These words also include:

Regardless of the information about the forms of gerunds and infinitives, memorizing them is easy, especially with a high level of preparation. Start analyzing the subtleties of their life at the intermediate level, not earlier, then all the rules will be easier to understand and easier to remember.

The easiest way to learn foreign words

All methods of any school have basic ways of quickly memorizing foreign words, so that they can then be learned from the language. The reader will learn from the totality of the basic methods of memorization:

• Visual;
• auditory (by ear);
• Mechanical (written);
• Associative.

• Work with basic materials - rules, instructions, rules, schemes;
• maintaining a special dictionary to record learned words and understand and repeat;
• Listen to songs and audio books in English, watch new songs, listen to the radio or download material from your phone;

• Review of videos: films, cartoons, English programs with or without subtitles;
• Rozmovna mov and spilkuvannya s nasiyami mov;
• Exchange of knowledge in group classes and individual contributions.

With the right combination of methods, with regular practice and repetition of the material covered, the gains will come within a few months. And you can still finish your prayers for the riq repeat. The best way to do this is the most difficult - a trip of about an hour to the edge of England without the possibility of meeting with fellow countrymen. In extreme minds, it is possible to activate accumulated resources and in the short term achieve good results.

Yak Pislyamova

When considering stories about the peculiarities of English, I would like to highlight the main points:

1. In classical English, Gerundium accounts for about 80% of the situation, while Infinitve loses a little behind. If the current version of the current rules is to talk about the equal rights of these two forms, many schools recommend replacing the infinitive form with a gerund to simplify the formation and understanding of nuances.
2. For everyday use, remember the main words that are applied to the skin, as well as the contents that they contain. All connections will begin to open automatically, without interruption. Translation will become much easier without getting hung up on the canons and rules.
3. Both gerunds and infinitives serve an important function for understanding the proposition as a whole, but if they are incorrectly used, they can be misled by the dictionary. That's why you need to practice more, learn the rules and master English.

Two such non-special word forms, the infinitive and the gerund, often pose a problem for those who learn English. The reason for this is the similarity of these two structures, as well as the variability of the variable after these and other words, and there are a lot of words that can be extracted after either the gerund or the inf. Item, and other forms of both forms are stored in place.

However, there is still a difference between the gerund and the infinitive in English. First of all, the functions and roles of the river, which carry all the biological structures, vary. In other words, it is a list of words that indicate the use of a specific form, although not always unambiguous. Therefore, they still have the same responsibilities, and their traces will be described in the report.

Similarities and features

Gerunds and infinitives are similar to the point that offensive units are used in non-standard and different hour forms. When they are used, the structure of the speech changes; In addition, with both the gerund and the infinitive, you can create specific constructions that are characteristic of them.

In English, gerunds and infinitives are characterized by the presence of song words, which indicate the form of vicoristan. Stinks have similar functions to the river (Gerund has more types of furnishings) and convey a sensation that is not typical for standard smells.

However, they have more responsibilities. When choosing what to use – Gerund or Infinitive – it is necessary to ensure that the infinitive form is a concise form of the pure word and does not interfere with any other part of the language. The gerund in English language is used by many other authorities: the creation of creations under the name of a nominative, which would have resulted in a longer period of time, but retained its nominative character.

To put it simply, the living gerund is always connected with the meanings that govern the name, and in translation it is almost always possible to adapt this non-special form of the word to such a part of the language. It is impossible to work out such a manipulation infinitively, since this structure always leads to action, including action.

Forms of gerund and infinitive

There are also hour forms of these two grammatical units. The rules for illuminating the infinitive convey the presence of four active and two passive forms, so that from the gerund there are only two active and two passive forms. It is understood that Gerund, first of all, is always created with the help of the ending –ing; Obviously, I won’t be able to get into shape with him. In other words, Gerund and Infinitive, therefore, have a different meaning: the infinitive reinforces the fact of the action, and the gerund reinforces the action itself, if not its triviality.

The table below shows the difference between the hour and passive forms of these two non-special forms of the word with the butt of the word to do:

Functions of the gerund and infinitive

Each of the different forms and their functions in the river vary. Regardless of those that the gerund or infinitive of the building is a member of the sentence, they seem to have special features in view of the syntactic role.

For example, stinks can be detected as an additional object. However, the infinitive has the function of a complex object, and the gerund has two types of members of the sentence - direct and indirect, and also a complementary object.

As for furnishings (adverbial modifier), then there is also a difference. They can be used as sleeping places (manner, attendant circumstances, purpose), and as important ones (the infinitive is also an adverbial modifier of result, and the gerund is time, condition, concession and cause).

Helpful words

There are a number of words that mean infinitives and gerunds need to be interpreted from the river.

These words indicate a difference in principle in the vikoristan, whereas the other word shows the obviousness of Infinitive or Gerund. It is important to remember these words and constructions, as they mean having to follow a strict procedure for the skin’s adaptation to these two forms.

So, for example, actions of words are used inclusively with the gerund - suggest doing smth, look forward to doing smth, mind doing smth, enjoy, etc. Actions, however, convey with them only infinitives – afford (allow the financial plan), advise (for the sake of), etc. The reporting information is presented in the following table:

Use of the infinitive and gerund after identical words

Please find words for the gerund and infinitive that allow for additional meanings. As a rule, the key role is played by the word itself, which stands before one of these Verbals. There are a lot of such structures, the skin of which has its own characteristic pattern.

The axis of application is as follows, after which the gerund and infinitive are used:

Stop, continue

· Stop is used with a gerund in that case, if it means “to kick”, “to miss”:

You stopped thinking about just a few years ago.

With the infinitive the meaning of stop means “to stop to get things done”, so the infinitive conveys the meaning of the setting:

Vaughn nodded to take another look at her old little booth.

· After the word continue, as well as similar words associated with the beginning, continuation or completion of the action (begin, start, finish, etc.), can be used in different forms without changing the substitution:

He continued to read = He continued reading – Vіn continued reading

Note: the word go on, which means “continue doing smth”, is affected by overinsurance. The gerund is used with it when it refers to the continuation of an interrupted activity, and as an infinitive to indicate the continuation of an activity with a new activity:

Close the window and continue the story about Jane

But: She tried to wake him up, but he continued sleeping – She tried to wake him up, but she continued sleeping

Prefer, bother, yak, love, remember

• Prefer (respect for better) allows an identical duality: prefer doing smth and prefer to do smth
• Similar to dіє i bother (turbuvat, turbuvat)
• The words like and love can be used with Infinitive and Gerund
• Remember is a special word. Since this means “remembering what happened”, then the new word is followed by a gerund:

I remember calling her last week - I remember calling her last week

However, since it has a connection with maybutny, so that “don’t forget to do something,” then this is an important infinitive:

Remember to call her - don’t forget to phone her

Forget, try, allow

• The word forget can be used as an infinitive when it refers to some unconventional action that has been implemented a little:

Unfortunately, they forgot to come to the meeting - It’s a pity, they forgot to come to the meeting

Since this word “forget” is connected with a variety of assumptions about any action, then in this case a necessary gerund:

Mike completely forgot telling me that story - Mike completely forgot how he told me that story

• Let's highlight this try. Since its essence is “to report, to try,” then it is followed by the infinitive:

We tried to convince him by any means – We tried to convince him by any means

If it means “to try an experiment”, for good luck, then there is an important gerund:

– Vona tried adding pineapple to her new salad.

• Allow may not be entirely related to Verbals. In this case, if it is followed by a complement and then an action, then this action will be expressed by the infinitive:

The stinks did not allow us to smoke in our booth.

Since there is no additional element after the word “allow”, we stand with a gerund:

She allowed watching TV for some time – Vaughn allowed a little time to watch TV

Need, mean, help

• Need, as the American version of the model word allows itself to be followed by an infinitive:

He didn’t need to earn money – You didn’t need to earn money

However, need has a significant “demand”, which has a passive meaning, and is used with a gerund:

The roof wanted repairing and painting – Dah having demanded repairs and farbuvannya

Note: the word want follows the same principle: “want” - with an infinitive, “demand” - with a gerund.

• The word “mean” is followed by a gerund, if there is a direct translation of “mean”:

Easter means looking for colored eggs and eating candies

The meaning “name” means is used with the infinitive:

– As fate would have it, we are going to go to hell.

• The verb help, as a rule, is followed by an infinitive (bare or full):

Vaughn helped me finish my work quickly

Ale help can also be included in the context of the persistent expression cannot help doing smth, which translates as “I can’t not.” It is followed by a gerund:

I cannot help approving your proposal - I can’t help but praise your proposal

The topic of Infinitive vs Gerund is not easy, but if you carefully consider all the peculiarities of these non-special forms of words, it will be easy to work with them. It is important to remember that these constructions get used to the English language steadily, so that having achieved success in their memory, problems with them will not be to blame, and any kind of epidemiologist will be able to Evaluate the preparation and sufficient level of knowledge of who to speak.

What is a gerund - what is the middle between a word and a name: reading – reading, leaving – leaving.

A gerund can be a member of a proposition, or additionally. And today we will talk about this function itself. Addition is a member of a proposition, which complements the action and supports the nutrition of indirect additions: what? why? what? what? about what?

Butt of an additional name in Russian:

I'm planning (what?) relocation;
I think (about what?) about moving.

Example of an additional gerund in English:

I'm tired of waiting. - I’m tired (of what?) from getting cleaned up.
I appreciate being polite to seniors. – I value (what?) the honorable setting of the summer people.

Infinitive and gerund in English language: rule

So the axis can be additionally infinitive. There is a debate about both Russian and English. The infinitive is the cohabital form of the word.

The Russian language indicates the following: what is it timid? what to earn?
In English language there is a form of the word with frequent to(Some parts may be lowered).

An example of the Russian supplementary infinitive:

Igor asked his sister (about what?) help youmu.
I zmusiv yogo (what?) news.

Example of an additional infinitive in English:

She agreed to come back later. - It was time for (what?) to turn around later.
He asked before change the ticket. - He asked (about what?) to remember the receipt.

The food is pouring in: how can you tell if an additional infinitive is needed, and if a gerund is needed? Let's find out.

1. It is necessary to remember: infinitive and gerund, list of words

Let’s start with something simple: with some words it is customary to use a gerund, with others – with an infinitive. That's all. You just need to memorize these words.
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Words followed by gerunds

⠀Dieslovo	⠀Butt
⠀to admit (recognized)	⠀He was admitted committing the crime. ⠀I recognized evil from the sage.
⠀to appreciate (tsinuvati)	⠀I appreciate being polite to seniors. ⠀I appreciate the respect for the people of old age.
⠀to avoid (unique)	⠀Please, avoid speeding! ⠀Be kind, don’t overestimate the swidness! (=Unique perevishchenya)
⠀to consider (look at)	⠀Stinks can be seen without children. ⠀It stinks to think about travel without children.
⠀to delay (to add)	⠀He delayed visiting a doctor. ⠀Vin will then visit the doctor.
⠀to deny	⠀They denied selling the house. ⠀The stinkers got excited about selling the booths.
⠀to keep (trimati, save)	⠀He kept asking silly questions. ⠀Having continued, they put bad ideas.
⠀to miss (nudguvati)	⠀She misses living with her parents. ⠀She will manage at this hour, if she lived with her dads.⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠀to suggest (proponuvati)	⠀They suggested moving to another place. ⠀They urged us to move to another place.
⠀to quit (throw)	⠀He quits working. ⠀Vin abandons the robot.
⠀to finish (finish)	⠀We finished renovating our flat. ⠀We stopped renovating the apartment.
⠀to practice (practice)	⠀He needs to practice reading before testing. ⠀You need to practice reading before going to bed.
⠀to imagine (imagine)	⠀A girl imagines being a princess. ⠀The girl realizes that she’s a princess.
⠀to risk (rikuwati)	⠀You risk getting a bad mark. ⠀You risk rejecting the filthy assessment.
⠀to mind (to feel)	⠀Do you mind opening the window? ⠀Couldn’t you finish the window?
⠀to enjoy (to enjoy)	⠀He enjoys swimming in the sea. ⠀You will enjoy bathing by the sea.

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The gerund is also used after the word go, what to walk about at any hour, active occupation: Let's go swimming!

The gerund is often used after phrasal words, for example: press on those to get started, to launch ta in.
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List of words with infinitive

⠀Dieslovo	⠀Butt
to agree	We arrived back later. It was time for her to turn around later.
to appear	He appeared to be a decent person. He seemed like a decent person.
to be able	I won't be able to make it. I can't make any money.
to can afford (can afford)	We can't afford to travel more than once a year. We cannot afford to increase the price more than once per river.
to choose (vibirati)	Shaw chose to enter a university. Vaughn gained admission to the university.
to decide (virishuvati)	They were planning to shut down their business. They wanted to spread their powerful business.
to expect	I expected them to call. I checked the coin in front of them.
to hope (to give hope)	Vony hoped to get a loan. The stinks were swayed by the withdrawal of the loan.
to learn (read)	Mary learned to swim when she was at a summer camp. Mary learned to swim when she was at the summer camp.
to manage (zoom)	He managed to escape from the police. He was able to escape from the police.
to offer (proponuvati)	A manager offered to change the soup when I saw a fly in it. The manager asked me to change the soup if I swiped a fly from someone.
to plan (planuvati)	I plan to start learning Italian soon. I'm going to start learning Italian soon.
to prepare (get ready)	Vін prepared for welcome її new wines. Vaughn was preparing to marry her new relatives.
to pretend (pretend)	We don’t want to, but I want to cancel the auction. Please, don’t bother me so as to get away from this difficult situation.
to promise (promise)	Jack did not move until he beat other children at school. Jack vowed not to hit other children near the school.
to refuse (to give up)	Student refused to retake a test. It was too late to pass it on to the test.
to seem (to appear)	We need a lot of knowledge about our health. It seems that she speaks well about her health.
to tend	Ceny tends to rise these days. Prices are trending upward until the end of the day.
to want (want)	He wants to find out more about special offices. You would like to know more about special propositions.
to would like, would prefer, would love (more beautifully)	I would like to get some information about your services. I would like to remove information about your services.

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So that all these episodes “appear at the bottom of the church”, we periodically undergo our grammatical training: .

2. Words after which both the infinitive and the gerund are used

The next point is more complex: there are words, after which you can use both the gerund and the infinitive.

What's wrong with that? On the right is that some of these words have variable meanings depending on the company they are in - in the company of the gerund or the infinitive.
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Words that change meanings: table of gerunds and infinitives in English language

to remember
remember doing = remember now. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ I remember leaving my cell phone on the table. (I definitely remember leaving the phone on the table)	remember to do = remember, don’t forget. ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Remember to take your keys before you go out. (Don't forget to take your keys before you go to work).
to forget
forget doing = forget/do not forget about what has already happened. I will never forget meeting her. It changed all my life! (I will never forget...)	forget to do = forget to earn money from the present or not so long ago. I think I forgot to turn off the iron. (I think I forgot to turn it on...)
to regret
regret doing = regret what has already happened. I regret talking to her that way! (I feel sorry for talking to her like that!)	regret to do = feel sorry for what you have to do now. Please note that you are not admitted to Johns Hopkins University. (We regret to inform you, we hesitate to inform you...)
stop doing = rest of the activity. I stopped eating at night! (I stopped eating at night!)	stop to do = stop one step in order to start doing something else. It moves to the selection for directions. (Vin spluttered to pave the way)
to go on
go on doing = prodovzhuvati robiti shos, those same diyu. After a break shewent on talking about my health. (After the break, she continued to talk about her health)	go on to do = continue chewing, but switch from one to another. She, first, melted chocolate, added butter and thenwent on to make icing. (She melted the chocolate right away, added more oil and continued to add more glaze)
try doing = try this as an experiment. She tried to learn English but gave up after a while. (Vona tried to learn English, but left after about an hour).	try to do = try to work hard, work hard and report significant things. I tried to work, but couldn’t because of a terrible headache. (I tried to figure it out, but I couldn’t figure it out due to my greedy headache).

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Words that do not change their meaning

And other words that also work with both the gerund and the infinitive. Ale stink, it’s clear that you can’t change it: begin, continue, prefer, start, hate, love, like.

She begins sneezing every time she sees a cat.
She begins to sneeze every time she sees a cat.
(Vona starts to eat as soon as her gut starts to bleed).

After days advise, allow, recommend, encourage, permit It is also possible to use both gerunds and infinitives. ALE! If after the main word there is an object (to whom the action is directed), then the vicoristic infinitive is used:

Mam allowed me to stay overnight at my friend's place. (Mom allowed me spend the night with a friend).

If there is no object, then the vikory gerund is used:

Mom allowed me to stay overnight at my friend’s place. (Mom allowed me to spend the night with a friend).

3. Many more points: gerund and infinitive in English

There are also a number of episodes of the living gerund and infinitive, which are easy to remember.
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Gerund: applied to a proposition

– After the users.

Since after the word there is a receiver, we use it as a gerund. These receivers: for, before, without, by, about, of, from, in.

I'm interested in drawing. - I’m tsking at the little ones.
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Use of the infinitive in English

– After additions to phrases like: It is good (important, happy, hard) to...

It is nice to see you again. - It’s a pleasure to welcome you back.

– With meals at the strongholds.

I don't know how to open this door. - I don’t know how to open these doors.

– To express the purpose of any action.

I came here to meet you. - I came here (what?) to get along with you (it’s true, this is no longer an addition, but an arrangement).

Subject matter: use of the infinitive and gerund

– A gerund is the middle term between a word and a noun. The infinitive is the coherent form of the word, which tells the nutritionist “what to do?”.

– The infinitive and gerund can be added to the verb, and they can be placed after the main word.

– And words, after which they are always put with a gerund: admit, avoid, consider ta in. They need to be easy to remember.

– After the other words, the infinitive is added: agree, choose, decide etc. They also need to be memorized.

– Another group of words are those, after which there may be both an infinitive and a gerund, in which the sense of the word itself changes: remember, forget, stop ta in.

– To our delight, there are also words, after which you can use offensive forms of words without significant padding for replacement: love, hate, begin ta in.

Infinitive and gerund in English language: right

So, there is a lot of information, and you won’t be able to simply memorize it. You need a lot of practice to ensure that you are satisfied.

For the cob, go through. You know a lot about Complex Object (an extension), which I didn’t bother with today, and there are also a number of nuances of the vicarious infinitive and gerund.

And then periodically, to bring the selection of the required form to automation.

Summary: infinitive and gerund

That's all for today. This coming month, within the framework of this grammatical series of articles, we will discuss with you another mysterious entity - the subtitle. We compare this with the already familiar and previous gerund. See you soon!

How to differentiate between the infinitive and the gerund in English, in which phases the stench emerges, in what flows into it, in which groups live and how in everyone’s mind. Is it possible?

It's possible, it's possible. Although the theme of the infinitive and gerund is one of the largest in the English language and has endless nuances, there is no need to be afraid of it. Consistent training and selection of butts will help to acquire and easily absorb offending forms.

Finding all the details of this is not an easy task. Compliance is due to the fact that with the choice of verb ing or infinitive the rule can be unambiguously established. The word can appear in the cutaneous form, and the word is indicated by the word in which the infinitive / gerund lies. It is especially important to pay special attention to the analysis of specific propositions, in order to better remember what you live with. But let us finally start from the basic theory: what is the skin in two forms?

Infinitive

Infinitive for Russian noses. This is a simple form, as it does not change with specific numbers. If you have a hidden situation, the dictionary has its own word form. For example, the word to run is to run. You can learn about the form of the infinitive by looking at the part “to”, which comes before the word.

The infinitive in English is similar to Russian and is often translated in an identical manner.

I want to become an actor.

Gerund

The folds begin with the appearance of the gerund. The Russian language does not have a gerund equivalent. A proposition can be translated in a number of ways: by a nominative, by an infinitive, by a verb, or by a subordinate proposition.

I enjoy listening to music - It’s fitting for me to listen to music / I’m getting tired of listening to music / I’m getting tired of listening to music

A gerund is created from the stem of a word by adding the ending -ing. The -ing form can also mean a participle: for example, “a crying child” (a child who is crying). However, the participle appears as a gerund behind its meanings, moreover, it is directly related to the nominative and lies behind the new one.

The gerund occupies an intermediate position between the noun and the word and is related to these parts of the language. The meaning is close to the name, which contains the idea of ​​the process of action (reading - reading, walking - walk, walking). The prote gerund cannot be used after the article and does not have a plural form.

Swimming is good for your health

This form is also similar to light rice. The infinitive and gerund in English are similar to those that offend and are harmless: they do not change according to their appearance and number. On the other hand, they can change over the course of an hour and, for example, form the perfect (to have done – infinitive/having done – gerund).

After we lived in the same room, we can absolutely trust each other.

The gerund and infinitive in English are similar to those that can occupy the same position in a sentence. When the food arrives: what form should I choose? The situation is complicated by the fact that in English language there is no specific rule that would clearly indicate which form is liable to be abused.

The choice is to lie in the word that conveys the form of the infinitive or gerund. For example, for the word allow: infinitive or gerund? This is indicated by the very word allow (allow), which here subordinates such a word. The very front word is a selection indicator, and in order to know which form to put in, you need to remember it. So in English there are two groups of words: those that follow the infinitive, and those that follow the gerund.

Words with infinitives

Let’s first look at those words that have their own infinitive form. For every word, we’ll give you some practice in order to better remember and understand the context.

• - Perhaps people will come to their senses almost immediately.
• - They came in handy to support this project.
• - The administration declares that there will be no delay in action.
• threaten (threaten): Not threatened to end his career - By threatening to destroy his career.
• - I taught him how to train him in the evenings.
• arrange (arrange, organize): I arranged to meet Steven at ten o'clock - I have decided to meet with Steven on the 10th.
• refuse: He refused to take responsibility for any problem - He believed his brothers were responsible for any problem.
• promise (promise): You will comply with the investigation.
• deserve: She deserves to be happy - She deserves to be happy.
• afford (allow yourself): I can’t help but spend before paying for someone - I can’t afford myself to pay for this.
• hope: My mother is already hoping to treat them again.
• learn: He has learned to live with it - He has learned to live with it.
• decide: You haven’t spoken for more than an hour.
• pretend (pretend): He pretended to believe her - In the end, having believed her.
• - Vona loved animals and planned to become a veterinarian.

The infinitive can be transformed into a conjunctive word to introduce a subordinate proposition: how (yak), where (de), what (so), when (if), whether (hiba). Actions from such cases:

• - Most guides are asked to know the unforeseen growth.
• decide: I am trying to decide, become a journalist or a politician.
• know (noble): I know when to stop - I know if you stop.
• remember (memory): I can’t tell where to go.
• explain: Letter explains how to make the payments - The sheet explains how to make the payments.
• understand: You are responsible for understanding how to deal with problems - You are responsible for understanding how to deal with problems.

Additional information for the participant

Words from to and ing can be introduced from the proposition of another participant in the situation. This is most typical for constructions with infinitives. Such a participant in the situation (in most cases, this situation has not yet existed) appears if the word and infinitive lie before different personalities. Then this participant is in complementary position and placed before the infinitive.

I want to improve - I want to develop.
I want you to develop.

In the Russian translation, this participant can often be subordinated to the following:

I don’t want you to pay the same favors.

The indication of another is especially necessary for the words make (muse), let (allow): their very meaning indicates who the action is directed to. Whose infinitive in such a construction is vikorized without the part to.

- We can allow you to work for everything you ask.
- Make me laugh again.

The expression of the participant is also characteristic of constructions with words:

• ask (ask): I ask you to help me.
• - I forbid you to talk to them.
• help: Can you help me to find the book? - Can you help me find the book?
• - I bless you to go.
• expect (expect): He expected me to be happy - He realized that I will be happy.
• - They teach children to be kind and honest.

Words with gerunds

We have sorted out the class of words that confuse the vicoristic infinitive. Words that require a gerund rather than an infinitive form are classified into another type:

• - When you finish writing, leave it for a couple of days.
• enjoy (love, enjoy): I always enjoy walking the streets - I should always walk the streets.
• suggest: I suggested waiting - I suggested waiting.
• avoid (unique): You avoid seeing me - You are unique with me.
• - You should think about the everyday life of the new hut.
• put off: Vaughn wished she could put the word out with him before tomorrow.
• delay (add): We delayed sending the documents - We delayed sending the documents.
• deny (to block): She denies attempting murder – Vaughn will block the strike attempt.
• risk (rizukuvati): He risked losing everything - He risked losing everything.
• - I can force myself to realize that I have become friends with someone.
• give up (throw): She has recently given up smoking - Vaughn recently threw up the fire.

Gerunds and infinitives in English language are divided into different spheres of life and have their own typical contexts. The gerund is characterized by the following variations: instead of (replacement), without (without), before (before), after (after), besides (crime) and others.

Instead of criticizing others, you focus on your own success - Instead of criticizing others, you focus on your own success.

Having already made a decision, he did not ask anyone of us.

It is typical for the gerund to be used for words with applicators:

• believe in: I believe in providing the most natural conditions for animals - I believe in providing the most natural conditions for animals.
• think of (to think about, to think about): - Before, you wouldn’t have thought about it.
• - You decided to please her, not caring about everything that happened.
• Dream of (dreams about): I can only Dream of Live in Australia - I can only dream about living in Australia.
• persist in: - Why do you continue to call me?
• complain about: She always complains about working so hard - She always complains about working so hard.
• accuse of: Mark is accused of working for a terrorist organization - Mark is accused of working for a terrorist organization.

The gerund is added after a construction with the word to be, which describes the internal position:

• to be afraid of: I'm not afraid of falling - I'm not afraid of falling.
• to be proud of (write): It’s your fault to write to you, daddy.
• to be tired of: I am tired of living in this place.
• - Don’t be surprised, she remembers the accusation well.

A lot of stable words with the word have come with a gerund:

• have fun (have fun): I'm going to have fun pretending to be your husband - I'll have fun pretending to be your husband.
• - We spent a good hour watching films.
• have problems (my mother has problems with my life): I have problems losing weight - I have a bad time trying to lose weight.
• - You keep sweeping, otherwise you won’t be able to reach it.

The additional participant in a sentence with a gerund is more frequent, lower than with an infinitive, and also possible.

Do you accuse me of being conceited and arrogant? - Are you calling me in self-satisfaction and thoughtfulness?

I could imagine them looking at each other - I can imagine how to marvel at each other.

Words with gerund and infinitive

English has words in which offensive forms can be used equally: for example, continue doing or to do. It’s not easy to memorize such words, you can come up with them: continue (continue), intend (may we), begin (begin), start (begin), bother (turbulent, fussing).

- I have begun to lose respect for such speeches.

- You won’t hesitate to publish every day of your work.

If the first word is in the Continuous form, it is better to give the infinitive in order to avoid the clutter of -ing forms.

I'm intending to sell the house - I intend to sell the booths.

To this group of words you can add the word prefer. With the word prefer, the infinitive and gerund are equivalent. However, in the mental construction would prefer (emphasizing better) the infinitive is used.

I like to live in the rural community, and not in the center of the city.

I would like to live in a rural locality, and not in the center of the place (only with an infinitive).

It means that you put with like – a gerund or an infinitive, it’s easy to do. The word like (befits), like both love (love) and hate (hate), can be added to both the infinitive and the gerund. However, only some gerunds can be used if the potion flares up at the moment of promotion. The infinitive extends to a typical situation.

- I hate talking to strangers(This is a constant rage, the situation has faded).

I like working in this company - It’s fitting for me to work for this company(then I’m already working there, the idea is already emerging - well, you can get used to it with just gerunds).

To the extent possible, the forms may cause the addition of a participant to the situation. For example, in the primary case, after the words allow (allow), recommend (recommend), permit (allow), advise (for the sake of) can be both a gerund and an infinitive. However, the added subject infuses the choice of the offensive form: when the participant is indicated, the finitive may be generated. If there is no additional species, there is no gerund.

We recommend that you visit the National Gallery.

We advise visiting The National Gallery – For the sake of visiting the National Gallery.

There are complex variations: for example, if the choice of gerund/infinitive changes the sense of the word in front of it. Please contact us for help, here is the table:

By choosing, for example, for the word stop gerund or infinitive or regret to do or do, first place respect on the meaning of the word: what meaning do you want to give to your proposition.

Variety of shapes and designs

The infinitive and gerund can be sharpened not only in the same way as we looked at them. They can be in the perfect form or stand in the passive form. The passive state is created by adding the word to be, which takes the form of an infinitive and a gerund. And the meaning of the word is sometimes experienced in the third form. For example: to be done/being done (but we’ll be in trouble).

Vaughn was reluctant to give an interview.

I don’t want to go to prison and be poor.

Parts can always indicate the living forms of the infinitive: they can be part of the previous word. For example, when looking forward to, the form of the gerund may be removed, regardless of the obviousness of to. Part of this is due to the simple construction of look forward to (to grasp with impatience, to convey) and is inappropriate from it.

I am confident that I will soon give up the new things from you.

The situation is similar with the be/get used to construction. The part is carried down to the structure itself and is not particularly added to the infinitive. There are two options – to be used to (to the name) and to get used to (to ring, to add the name) – to add a gerund after yourself.

The stinks rang out all at once - The stinks rang out all at once.

- We call you to live in this place.

It is not possible to confuse these constructions with the expression used to in a given situation, which was significant in the past, but is not present in today. Here the word to be is not placed before used, but the verb is followed by an infinitive.

- Earlier, I got up about the 6th morning, but now I don’t need to do anything.

Constructions with an infinitive and a gerund can be substituted for a sentence. In this case, the sequence can be applied not only to the entire situation as a whole (I don’t want to become an actor). The sequence can act directly on the gerund or infinitive. In this case, the part is not to blame for standing after the first one. Yes words. Then, for the gerund, the sequence diagram looks like not V-ing, and for the infinitive - not to V:

- I guarantee that I won’t be like that.
I enjoy not being famous - I deserve not to be famous.

An alternative to constructions with an infinitive and a gerund can be two-word verbs with the connective that. The stench can convey the very same place, but also vikoristovatym for whose structure with a simple proposition. Most often, such a construction is used by words such as deny, suggest, admit, admit.

- You could smell the stench that such words were said.

English words will be with us again, friends. You already know that in English language there are special words, after the writing of which the gerund or infinitive is used. These words need to be memorized and practiced as often as possible. Prote, there are ambiguous words with vicious words such as gerunds and infinitives (like/stop/remember). To your respect, I present this list with butts!

1. TRY (gerund)- get excited, shiver, like an experiment:

>Try substituting Tom for Peter – Try replacing (putting) Tom in Peter’s place.

TRY (infinitive)– zastosovuyuchi colossal zusillya:

>Try to bring me my deserved reward by 6 o’clock – Try to bring me my deserved reward by 6 o’clock.

***

2. Regret (gerund)- feel sorry for what I’ve already spent so much:

>We regret doing/having done so, but we promise to start from scratch – It’s a shame that we earned it this way (hoped to do it this way), but we promise to start from scratch.

Regret (infinitive)– directly in Maybutna: it’s a pity, but I can’t earn money:

>I regret to say that my husband won’t congratulate you on your birthday – I’ll ask you again, but I’m afraid to say at once (I’m sorry about this, but) that my husband doesn’t greet you on your birthday.

3. Stop (gerund)- just be lazy, stop being timid:

>He stopped any rules, he’s on the straight and narrow now - We have ceased to break any laws, we are now on the righteous path (as far as our dictionary for the sacred development is concerned).

Stop (infinitive)- pinch 🙂, so that you can earn money (sitkhnut, wave your hand):

>I stopped to call my sweetheart, therefore don’t rush me! - I was scrambling to call my brother-in-law, who wouldn’t bother me.

***

4. Remember (gerund)– I remember that I was already afraid of the past:

>I remember giving John a parcel which he didn’t accept – I remember giving (as having given) a parcel to John, but not accepting it.

Remember (infinitive)– very easy: don’t forget (I haven’t forgotten, I won’t forget, I won’t forget):

>Did you remember to thank you mother and father for their warm wishes? - Did you remember to thank your mother and tattoo for their warmth?

>Remember to kiss the kids! – Don’t forget to kiss the children!

***

5. Prefer (gerund)- I want to work with the will:

>I prefer riding horses, whereas you prefer making tea in the morning - I am willing to ride horses the same way you are willing to brew French tea.

Prefer (infinitive)– my own likeness is as follows:

>I prefer to go to the café now, no objections please! - I will go to the cafe now, and please stop everyone!

Thank you for your respect! Bula is glad to help you! Christina. We kindly ask you to my channel YouTube CHRISTINA FAST-LANGUAGES go!

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