Mіstse narodzhennya v Gogoli. Some facts from the life and biography of Gogol

Mikola Vasilyovich Gogol (nickname of the people Yanovsky, since 1821 - Gogol-Yanovsky; 20 February 1809, Sorochintsi, Poltava province - 21 February 1852, Moscow) - Russian prose writer, playwright, singer, singer ska literature. Coming from the old noble family of the Gogol-Yanovskys.

Great Russian writer.
Born in the town of Velyki Sorochyntsi, Mirgorod district, Poltava province, to the family of a landowner. Children's rocks Gogol traces the father of Vasylivka (otherwise known as Yanovshchina). The cultural center of the region is the Kibintsi boulevard, the monument of D. P. Troshchinsky, a distant relative of his father, Gogol, who became his secretary. The Kibintsy had a large library, building a home theater, writing comedies for Father Gogol, as well as his actor and director.
U travnі 1821 r. having entered the gymnasium of advanced sciences at Nizhyn. Here he takes up painting, taking his part in the paintings. He tries himself in various literary genres (such as elegance, tragedies, historical stories, stories). Then write the satire “It’s about Nizhina, because the law is not written for fools” (I didn’t save it). However, I am talking about a legal career.
Having graduated from high school in 1828, Gogol became a graduate of A.S. Danilevsky goes to St. Petersburg to make his first literary attempts: at the beginning of 1829 rubles. The top one is “Italy”, the other is “Hanz Küchelgarten” (under the pseudonym “V. Alov”).
For example, 1829 rub. I am asked to sign up for service in the Department of State Government and Civil Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. During this period, “Evenings on a farm near Dikanka”, “Nis”, “Taras Bulba” came out.
Voseni 1835 r. to take up the writing of “The Inspector General”, the plot of which was given to Pushkin; The robot was pushed onto the table successfully, so the premiere of the song took place in the spring of 1836 on the stage of the Oleksandriysky Theater.
In Chervna 1836 rub. Gogol goes from St. Petersburg to Nimechchina (having lived behind the cordon for about 12 years). The end of summer and autumn will be spent in Switzerland, where he will begin the continuation of “Dead Souls”. The plot was also Pushkin's instructions.
At leaf fall 1836 r. Gogol in Paris meets A. Mickiewicz. Rima takes away the news that shocked him about the death of Pushkin. U travnі 1842 r. “Come to Chichikov, or the Dead Souls” have ruined the world. Trilette (1842-1845), which occurred after the writer left the border - a period of intense and important work on another volume of “Dead Souls”.
For a cob 1845 rub. Gogol shows signs of a mental crisis, and in the midst of a severe illness, he burns the manuscript of another volume, which he will continue to work on for a year.
In the year 1848, after a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, Gogol returned to Russia, spending most of his time in Moscow, making visits to St. Petersburg, and also to other places - Little Russia. Spring 1850 rub. Gogol will stop trying and will continue to try to control his family life, says A.M. Vielgorsky, but rejects Vidmova.
1 sіchnya 1852 r. Gogol informs Arnold that the other volume is “completely finished.” But in the remaining days of the month, signs of a new crisis appeared, which was preceded by the death of E. M. Khomyakova, sister of M. M. Yazikov, a person spiritually close to Gogol.
On the 7th of February Gogol confesses and receives communion, and on the night of the 11th to the 12th of February he burns the white manuscript of another volume (only five sections have been preserved in an unfavorable form). On the 21st of February, Gogol died at his final apartment in the Talizin building near Moscow. The funeral of the writer took place during a majestic gathering of people on the floor of the St. Daniel's Monastery, and in 1931. Gogol's remains were transferred to the Novodivych cemetery.

During our school years we have seen the work of N.V. Gogol, his mastermind. But here we miss only one aspect: how living conditions brought in the peculiarity of the writer. The descendants note that the classics of Russian literature have consistently experienced different periods: naturalistic, buried by Ukrainian folklore and mysticism, religious-journalistic, etc. What influenced the formation and formation of such a flexible genius?

N.V. Gogol. Biography: short birth

Everyone knows that this mysterious Russian campaign originated in 1809 in the village of Veliki Sorochyntsi (Poltava province, Mirgorod district). It is also no secret that his fathers were landowners. However, quite a few of the descendants were delved into the genealogy of the writer. Aje von duzhe tsikava. Gogol's biography tells about the fact that this light-hearted child was formed under the influx of father and mother. Their stories also centered on a new, unforgettable enemy. Maria Ivanivna Kosyarovskaya came from a noble family. And from my father there were descendants of priests. It’s true, I’m already the grandfather of a scribe whose name was Opanas Demyanovich, having lost his spiritual career and signed up for service in the hetman’s office. Win, masterfully, and adding to his nickname – Yanovsky – the prefix Gogol, which “related” him to the glorious colonel of the 17th century, Eustachian.

Ditinstvo

The father's information about Cossack ancestors gave young Mykola a love for Ukrainian history. But even more so, according to Vasily Panasovich, the very localism itself affected the writer, and he is still alive. Gogol's biography reveals that the childhood history of the family history of Vasilivka, which grew apart in the immediate vicinity of Dikanka. There are villages in Ukraine that seem to be so lazy that people are loitering there. In the Carpathian region they are called malfari, and in the Poltava region various terrible stories were simply passed on by word of mouth, in which the Dikanka meshkans were involved. All this took away the unforgettable thrill from the boy’s soul.

Parallel reality

Having completed his studies at the gymnasium in 1828, Mikola went to the capital, St. Petersburg, confident that the rainbow would soon appear before him. Ale there on nogo chekalo zhorstoke rozcharuvannya. I didn’t get the chance to be in charge of my service; my first attempts at writing resulted in belittling criticism. Gogol's biography identifies this period in the writer's life as realistic. He works as a civil servant at the Department of Assets. Surely, routine life proceeds in parallel with the creative pursuits of a writer. He will teach the lessons of the Academy of Mysteries, and after the success of the story “Basavryuk”, get to know Pushkin, Zhukovsky, Delvig.

Biography of Gogol and emigration

The theme of the “little people”, criticism of the Russian bureaucracy, grotesque and satire - everything was incorporated into the cycle of St. Petersburg stories, the comedy “The Inspector General”, as well as the world-famous song “Dead Souls”. Prote Ukraine never left the heart of the writer. In addition to “Evenings on the Farm”, I write the historical story “Taras Bulba” and the horror “Viy”. After the reactionary publication of the “Revisor”, the writer deprived Russia from the beginning to Switzerland, then to France and Italy. Gogol's biography makes us understand that in the other half of the 1840s, the writer's work gave a rebellious turn towards fanaticism, mysticism and the expansion of autocracy. The writer turns to Russia and writes low publications about how many of his friends have met. In 1852, the writer, standing at the edge of his soul, burns another volume of “Dead Souls.” For a few days, 21 fierce, Gogol died.

Date of birth: 1st quarter 1809
Date of death: February 21, 1852
Place of people: Sorochyntsi, Poltava province

Mikola Vasilovich Gogol- Russian writer, playwright, Gogol N.V.- that publicist sings.

One of the classics of Russian and world literature.

Mikola Vasilyovich Gogol is a famous Russian playwright, publicist and prose writer, born in Sorochintsy (Poltava Province) on the 1st quarter of 1809. His father Vasil Opanasovich was a very rich landowner, who had nearly 400 capitals, and his mother was a very young and active woman.

The writer spent his childhood in the minds of the colorful Ukrainian life, which he already loved and remembered well. Having miraculously known the lives of gentlemen and villagers, ten years of age began to study in Poltava with a teacher, and then entered the Nizhyn Gymnasium of Advanced Sciences. It seems that Gogol could not be called a successful scholar, most subjects were given to him by force, but he was seen among the one-year-old miracle memory, remembering to correctly vikorize the Russian language, as well as baths
Gogol actively engaged in self-illumination, writing prolifically and, together with his friends, subscribing to metropolitan magazines. Even in his youth, he began to write extensively, cultivating both prose and poetry. Gogol concentrated his respect on the control wave after the death of his father. In 1828, the family graduated from high school and went to St. Petersburg.

Life in the capital was too expensive, wealth in the provinces was insufficient to lead a frivolous life in St. Petersburg. Initially, he became an actor, but theaters were encouraged to accept him. Working as an official of the anthrochi did not attract him, and he had a great deal of respect for literature. In 1829, his idyll “Hanz Küchelgarten” was warmly received by critics and readers, and Gogol especially lost the entire first edition.

In 1830, he nevertheless entered the government service and began working in the department of allotments. Whose fate is due to the great number of extremely interesting and valuable acquaintances in literary circles. The story “The Evening Before Ivan Kupala” was immediately published, and one day later “Evenings on a farm near Dikanka” was broadcast.

In 1833, Gogol's family received the prospect of working in the scientific field, and began working with St. Petersburg University in the department of foreign history. Here he saw the coming of two fates of his life. During this period, the collections “Arabesque” and “Mirgorod” were completed, which were published immediately after leaving the university.

There were those who very heartily criticized his creativity. The pressure on the side of critics became one of the reasons, through which Gogol gained popularity in literature and reached Europe. He lived in Switzerland, France and Italy. At this very hour I myself finished the first volume of “Dead Souls.” In 1841, we decided that the need to turn to Russia, where the warmth of Belinsky and the publication of the first volume.

Immediately after the publication of another book, Gogol took up work on another volume, at which point the writer experienced a creative crisis. Belinsky’s devastating attack on the book “Choose a Place from Listing with Friends” was a great blow to his literary self-esteem. Qiu's criticism was received even more negatively. For example, in 1847, Gogol traveled to Naples and then traveled to Palestine.

The return to Russia in 1848 was characterized by the versatility of the writer’s life, and he himself knew his place. Lived near Moscow, Kaluzia, Odessa, then returned to Moscow. I was still working on another volume of “Dead Souls,” until I felt a significant loss of spirit. Once he began to indulge in mysticism, he was often haunted by wondrous thoughts.

On February 11, 1852, in the middle of the night, he reluctantly burned the manuscript of another volume. He said that the evil spirits tried to destroy him. Over the course of the day, I felt weakness in every body, felt ill, and was relieved of any kind of rejoicing.

Doctors believed that it was necessary to carry out Primus procedures, lest the usual tricks of doctors would improve the body of the sick. On February 21, 1852, Gogol died. He rests on the pillar of the Danilov Monastery in Moscow.

Gogol was one of the most important representatives of Russian classical literature. His creativity was received in different ways, critics both praised and loved him. On the other hand, I was greatly constrained by Mikolaiv censorship.

Bulgakov and Nabokov looked back at Gogol in their work; many of their works were filmed in many hours.

The main milestones in the life of Mikoli Gogol:

People in Sorochintsy 1st quarter 1809
- Moving to Poltavi in ​​1819.
- The beginning of learning at the Gymnasium of Higher Sciences at Nizhyn in 1821.
- Cob of the St. Petersburg period 1828
- Publication of the idyll "Hanz Küchelgarten" in 1829.
- Weekend "Evenings before Ivan Kupala" in 1830.
- Druk "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka" in 1831
- Work at the Faculty of History at St. Petersburg University in 1834.
- Publication of the collections “Arabesques” and “Mirgorod” in 1835.
- The beginning of the European road in 1836.
- Publication of the first volume of “Dead Souls” in 1841
- Deprivation of another for unknown reasons in 1852
- Death of N.V. Gogol on February 21, 1852

Here are some facts from the biography of Mikoli Gogol:

The writer did not make friends, was suspicious of women and was a reserved person; the descendants talk about his latent homosexuality, and about the revelation of secret love for many wives
- And the version is that the writer did not die, but left a lethargic sleep, after which he became a living creature of lamentations
- The scribe’s skull was stolen from a grave in 1909. Even before the break-in period, the community did not know about this idea
- Gogol forcibly endured a thunderstorm, even afraid of thunder and flashes
- The writer was extensively involved in handicrafts, was a wonderful cook and was a weasel

Born on the 20th of February (1st quarter), 1809, in the village of Sorochyntsi, Poltava province, in the homeland of a landowner. Gogol was the third child, and in total the family had 12 children.

The studies on the biography of Gogol took place at the Poltava School. Then, in 1821, children entered the class of Nizhyn Gymnasium and entered the judiciary. At school, the writer did not show any special specialties in his apprenticeship. The good one was given lessons in painting and learning Russian literature. It was only possible to write in the middle.

The beginning of a literary path

In 1828, Gogol’s life was destined to move to St. Petersburg. There he served as an official, decided to become an actor in the theater, and took up literature. The actor's career was not going well, and the service did not bring Gogol satisfaction, and at times it was difficult. And the writer wants to show himself in the literary field.

In 1831, Gogol became acquainted with representatives of the literary schools of Zhukovsky and Pushkin, and these acquaintances undoubtedly had a strong influence on his future literary activity.

Gogol and theater

Mikoli Vasilyovich Gogol’s interest in theater appeared in his youth, after the death of his father, the wonderful playwright and revelation.

Recognizing all the power of the theater, Gogol took up dramaturgy. Gogol's novel "The Inspector General" was written in 1835, and staged in 1836. Through the negative reaction of the public to the production of “The Inspector General,” the writer loses his edge.

The remaining fates of life

In 1836, Mikoli Gogol’s biography included numerous trips to Switzerland, Germany, Italy, as well as a short stay in Paris. Then, since the birth of 1837, Rima was busy working on the first volume of Gogol’s greatest work, “Dead Souls,” which was originally conceived by the author back in St. Petersburg. After returning to Fatherlandism from Rome, the writer sees the first volume. Near the hour of working on another volume, Gogol experienced a spiritual crisis. However, the trip to Jerusalem did not help improve the situation.

At the beginning of 1843, Gogol’s story “The Overcoat” was first handed to fate.

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Mikola Vasilyovich Gogol (1809 – 1852) – classic of Russian literature, writer, playwright, publicist, critic. Gogol’s most important works include the collection “Evenings on the Dikanky Farm”, dedicated to the traditions of the Ukrainian people, as well as his greatest poem “Dead Souls”.

Among the biographies of great writers, Gogol's biography stands in the same row. After reading this article, you will understand why this is so.

Mikola Vasilyovich Gogol is a renowned literary classic. He masterfully worked in various genres. Both contemporary writers and writers of the coming generations spoke positively about his work.

Words about his biography have not been heard until now, among the intelligentsia of the 19th century, it is one of the most mercenary and mysterious articles.

Childhood and youth

Mikola Vasilovich Gogol was born on Birch 20, 1809. near the town of Sorochintsy (Poltava province, Mirgorod district) in the homeland of the town's poor Little Russian nobles, who ruled the village of Vasylivka, Vasily Opanasovich and Maria Ivanivna Gogol-Yanovsky.

The affiliation of Mikoli Vasilyovich Gogol to the Little Russian nationality strongly influenced his worldview and writing activity. The psychological characteristics of the Little Russian people appeared in the place of his early works and the artistic style of his promotion.

Children's births took place at the father's house in Vasylivka, Mirgorod district, near the village of Dikanki. When we drove from Vasylivka along the Oposhnyansky tract, there was the Poltava Field - the site of the famous battle. Seeing his grandmother Aunt Semyonivna, who taught the boy to be tiny and how to embroider with garus, Gogol heard Ukrainian folk songs on winter evenings. Grandma told her about historical legends and stories about heroic stories of history, about the Zaporizhka Cossack freemen.

The homeland of the Gogols was characterized by persistent cultural influences. Gogol's Father - Vasil Opanasovich, who was a talented and theater lover. He was close with a distant relative, the great Minister of Justice D. P. Troshchinsky, who lived in the village of Kibintsi, not far from Vasylivka. A rich nobleman ran a home theater in his garden, de Vasil Opanasovich became a director and actor. For this theater, he compiled the most famous Ukrainian comedies, the plots of which were based on folk tales. The preparation met the fate of V. V. Kapnist, a venerable playwright, author of the acclaimed “Yabeda”. On the stage in Kibintsy, his songs were performed, as well as “The Underdog” by Fonvizin and “Pidschip” by Krilov. Vasil Opanasovich was friends with Kapnist, visiting his entire homeland in Obukhivtsi. At the limestone of 1813, little Gogol studied here with G.R. Derzhavin, who introduced a friend to his youth. Gogol’s gift for writing and acting talent fell away from his father.

Mother, Maria Ivanivna, was a religious woman, nervous and irritable. Having lost two children who died in childhood, she looked out for fear for the third. A friend prayed in the Dikan church in front of the miraculous icon of St. Mikoli. Having given the newly-born the name of a holy saint among the people, the fathers showered the boy with special affection and respect. From his childhood, Gogol remembered his mother’s words about the remaining hours, about the destruction of the world and the Last Judgment, about the burning torment of sinners. The stench was accompanied by instructions about the need to achieve spiritual purity for the sake of future salvation. Particularly striking the boy was the story about how angels descend from the sky, giving their hand to the soul of the dead. At the gatherings of this world; remaining, this raises the immortal soul of man in this heaven, in the heavenly abodes, accessible to the poor. There the souls of the righteous are lost - people who spent their earthly lives “in all godliness and purity.” The image of the gathering passed through all of Gogol’s thoughts about the fate and calling of people to spiritual perfection.

Like his mother, Gogol appeased him with his fine spiritual organization, agility to understanding and pious religion. Kapnist’s daughter guessed: “I knew Gogol as a boy who was always serious and very thoughtful about what was so intense about his mother.” In reality, the boy was caught up in the same pagan beliefs of the people in Budinka, apparently, water and mermaids. The loud-voiced and stern, sometimes comically cheerful, and the secretive light of folk demonology, which at times leads to fear and trembling, was removed from childish fates by the hostile Gogolian soul.

In 1821, after a courtyard ceremony at the Poltava District School, the fathers selected a boy from Nizhina, Chernihiv province, to the gymnasium of advanced sciences of Prince Bezborodka. They were often called a lyceum: like the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, its high school course was combined with university subjects, and classes were taught by professors. Gogol spent these days at Nizhin’s, coming to see his father on vacation.

It was difficult at first: there were signs of insufficient home preparation. The children of married fathers, classmates of Gogol, entered the gymnasium with knowledge of Latin, French and German languages. Gogol kept him awake, feeling slighted, kissing his classmates, and returning home with the blessing of taking him away from the gymnasium. The sons of rich fathers, among them M. V. Kukolnik, did not spare his pride, they mocked his weaknesses. In good faith, Gogol survived the drama of the “little” people, recognizing the bitter price of the words of the poor official Bashmachkin, the hero of his “Overcoat,” who were brutalized to the point of ridicule: “Deprive me! What do you portray me as? Sick, strong-willed, distrustful, the boy is humiliated not only by his peers, but by insensitive teachers. The rare patience, the clever way of carrying out images gave Gogol his first call, rejected as a high school student, - “A Dead Thought.”

All of a sudden, Gogol revealed an incredible talent in the painter, which far outweighs the successes of his crooks, and then enviable literary excellence. People of one mind appeared and began to publish a handwritten journal, publishing their articles, reports, and verses. Among them is the historical story “The Tverdislavich Brothers”, the satirical drawing “A Thing About Nizhin, Because the Law of Fools Has No Scripture”, in which the local inhabitants are considered.

The beginning of a literary path

Gogol early became interested in literature, especially verses. His favorite poet was Pushkin, and he copied “Tsigan”, “Poltava”, and chapters of “Eugene Onegin” from his artist. At that time, the first literary studies of Gogol will begin.

Already in 1825, rock was written in a handwritten gymnasium magazine, making up the top. The other buried place of Gogol the high school student was the theater. He took an active part in the production of school dramas, played comic roles, and painted the scenery.

Gogol early became dissatisfied with the musty and dark lives of Nizhin’s “name-men”, dreams of serving noble and lofty goals. The thought about the future, about “serving humanity” is already in Gogol’s head. These youngsters - buried in flames, thirsting for suspenseful bark activity, sharply suppressed habitual calmness - found their expression in the first poetic work-song "Hanz Küchelgarten".

Dreams and plans for future activities brought Gogol to the capital, near distant and attractive Petersburg. Here he thought of giving up his wealth and giving his strength for the good of the marriage. After finishing high school, in 1828, Gogol went to St. Petersburg.

St. Petersburg unkindly buried a well-dressed young man who had arrived from distant Ukraine, from the quiet provincial wilderness. Bad luck besets Gogol's sides. The official-bureaucratic world, out of certain misfortune, was placed before the young provincial: there was no service, and life in the capital for a young man who was even of modest means seemed even more important. The bitter disappointment of Gogol in the literary field. The hopes that were placed on the “Hanz Küchelgarten”, brought from Nizhyn, were not realized. Seen in 1829 (under the pseudonym V. Alov) the song was not a little successful.

The attempt to enter the stage also ended in failure: Gogol’s real talent as an actor turned out to be alien to the current theater management.

Just at the end of 1829, Gogol was given the opportunity to become a military official in the department of the sovereign state and the huge government. However, Gogol did not spend much time on this planting and already in the beginning of 1830 he entered the rewrite department to the department of allotments.

Gogol recognized the fate of the relief of needs, as they perceive in St. Petersburg to be an important serving, vulnerable people. Gogol served as an official in the department for a whole river. Prote bureaucratic service did not add much. At this time, I went to the Academy of Mysteries and studied painting there. His literary pursuits have resumed. Now Gogol is no longer writing moody-romantic songs to the song “Hanz Küchelgarten”, but is delving into well-known Ukrainian life and folklore, starting to work on a book of stories, entitled “Evenings on the Dikanky Farm”.

In 1831, the family developed a long-lasting acquaintance with Pushkin, which suddenly turned into a close friendship between both writers. Gogol knew Pushkin’s senior comrade, a literary scribe.

Gogol and theater

In 1837 Having spoken to “Suchasnik” with the article “Petersburg Notes of 1836 Rock”, a significant part of them was dedicated to drama and theater. Gogol's judgment broke the tired canons and confirmed the need for the Russian stage of a new artistic method - realism. Gogol criticized two popular genres that at the time dominated “theaters all over the world”: melodrama and vaudeville.

Gogol sharply condemns the main character of this genre:

Breshe is without a doubt our melodrama

The melodrama does not spoil the life of the marriage and does not cope with the next inevitable influx, destroying in the eyes not fate, but some kind of “anxious state.” It is not like the old theater and vaudeville, “this is an easy, risk-free toy,” in which laughter “gives rise to easy hostility, wry humor, and puns.”

The theater, according to Gogol’s thought, can be read, vihovvat the gazers:

At the theater, we created a game based on the stock of these bryazkalts, which will lure children who have forgotten what a department is, where a live lesson is read to the whole group at once

In the draft version of the article, Gogol calls the theater a great school. But whose mind is the faithfulness of the imagination of life. “Really, it’s time to know now, writes Gogol, that only the truest depiction of characters, not in the sun-dried rice, but in their form, which was nationally wilted, that fascinates us with zest, so that we say: “But it seems that people “- only such images bring value.” Here and in other places, Gogol steals the principles of realistic theater and gives such theater great suspenseful significance.

For God's sake, give us Russian characters, give us ourselves, our shahrais, our divas! I'm going to the stage, to everyone's laughter!

Gogol reveals the significance of laughter as the most powerful defense in the fight against enormous vices. “Laughter,” Gogol continues, is great on the right: it does not take away life, it does not take away anything, but in front of it is wine, like a hare tying...” At the theater, “with the brilliance of the light, with the thunder of music, with the same laughter, with” It is known that there is a vice.” People are afraid of laughter, Gogol repeats more than once, and are afraid of something “that no force has touched them.” But not every laughter has such power, but only “that electric, everyday laughter,” which has a deep ideological basis.

At the birth of 1828, Gogol said goodbye to his native Ukrainian towns and took the road to the village: from a stranger and a new, distant and beloved Petersburg. Even before his departure, Gogol wrote: “Even from the hours of the past, from the very fates of the most unreasonable, I am burning with undying zeal to make my life necessary for the good of the state. I went through all the states in the Duma, all the plantings in the state and settled on one. On justice. “I believe that only here I can be a blessing, here only I will be a blessing to humanity.”

Otje. Gogol arrived in St. Petersburg. His first visits to the capital brought Gogol great disappointment. You didn’t manage to let go of your death. In contrast to Piskaryov, the hero of the story “Nevsky Prospekt,” Gogol does not accept the accident of his death so tragically. Having replaced the idleness of others, you can still find your calling in life. Poklikannya Gogol is a writer. “... I wanted,” Gogol wrote, “in my creation it is important to show those great powers of Russian nature, how everything is priced fairly, and what is important are those low ones, which are still not enough for all ridicule and lies wife. “I wanted to collect here some of the brightest psychological manifestations, to place those precautions that I have long been secretly working on over people.” Nezabar was finished therefore, as Gogol decided to make it public. It was published in 1829 under the name “Hanz Küchelgarten”. Suddenly, the press began to have critical opinions. The stench was strongly negative. Gogol even more painfully accepted his misfortune. Out of St. Petersburg, before the bar turns around again.

Gogol discovered a new world: theater. Ale іspit ін не sklav. His realistic manner of acting was clearly superbly similar to that of examiners. And here I know bad luck again. Gogol ice without falling into the rozpach.

An hour later, Gogol takes over a new position in one of the departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After 3 months, he could not bear it and wrote a lament about the exhibition. We moved on to another department, where we then carried out the rewrite. Gogol continued to marvel at the lives and lives of his service comrades. These cautions later formed the basis of the stories “Nis” and “Overcoat”. Having served for a long time, Gogol retired from departmental service.

At the same time, his interest did not just fade away until the mystery, but later on, it reached him even more. Girkota got lost with Hanz Küchelgarten, and Gogol continued to write.

Do not hesitate to create new collections. 1831 – 1832 Gogol wrote the collection “Evenings on a farm near Dikanka”, 1835 – the collection “Mirgorod”, which is about to begin the creation of “Dead Souls” and “The Inspector General”, in 1836 - the story “Nis” was given direction and was published world of comedy The Inspector" at the theaters of Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Later, after his death, the stories that portrayed Petersburg “in all its glory”, with officials and swag workers, were published in “Peterburzki Tale”. These are the following stories: “The Overcoat”, “Nis”, “Nevsky Prospekt”, “Notes of the Divine”. The St. Petersburg stories have emerged as high, and by no means less than, the brilliance of the Russian character, from various sources of the St. Petersburg consort - officials, military officers, and craftsmen. Literary critic A.V. Lunacharsky wrote: “They teased the peaks and called until they were knocked down.” Such a failure was the story “Nevsky Prospekt” with Pirogov, Hoffmann and Schiller, with ladies, generals and department officials who flit Nevsky Prospect “between two and three o’clock in the afternoon...”

In St. Petersburg, Gogol had a more complex life, more disenchantment. Vіn could not know his call. And find some people who know. Calling on N.V. Gogol - being a writer who depicts the souls of people and the nature of Little Russia.

Gogol died at the age of 43. The doctors, who celebrated his last fate, were in the wake of his illness. There was a version about depression.

It all started when the sister of one of Gogol’s close friends, Katerina Khomyakova, died in early 1852, having revered the writer to the core of her soul. This death provoked severe depression, which was accompanied by religious ecstasy. Gogol began to post. Your daily diet consisted of 1-2 tablespoons of cabbage pickle and oatmeal broth, sometimes fruit and prunes. Doctors, that Mikoli Vasilyovich’s body weakened after illness - in 1839 he suffered from malarial encephalitis, and in 1842 he suffered from cholera and was surprised to see - fasting was fatally dangerous for him.

At the end of the 24th century, I burned another volume of “Dead Souls.” After 4 days, Gogol was delivered by a young doctor, Oleksiy Terentyev. Vin described the writer's camp as follows:

I was surprised, as a human being, for what everything seemed to be blurred, every word was blurry... His whole body was extremely thin, his eyes became dark and sunken, his face became completely foggy, his cheeks were sunken, his voice weakened ...

Doctors, requested before the dying Gogol, found that he had a serious gastrointestinal disorder. They talked about “catarrh of the intestines”, a type of fever in “typhoid”, about gastroenteritis, which was progressing unfavorably. And, you say, about the “uncooked boat”, which has become “scorched”.

As a result, doctors diagnosed me with meningitis and declared bloodletting, hot baths and dousing to be fatal.

The scribe's body, which was too dry, was tied up in a bathtub, and cold water was poured over his head. They placed leeches on him, and with a weak hand he desperately tried to wave away the crown of the black robes that had glanced at his nostril. How could it be possible to come up with the worst possible punishment for a person who, all his life, has known the abominations of everything that is loud and slimy? “Receive the leeches, raise the leeches in front of the company,” Gogol stopped and blessed. Marno. Yomu was not allowed to work.

Within a few days the writer was gone.

Gogol's ashes were buried on the 24th of 1852 by the parish priest Oleksiy Sokolov and deacon Ioann Pushkin. And after 79 years, they were secretly, villainously pulled from their graves: Danilov Monastery was transformed into a colony for juvenile criminals, in connection with which its necropolis facilitated the liquidation. Only a few dear to the Russian heart were destined to transfer the lament to the old building of the Novodivych Monastery. Among these lucky ones there are Movnym, Aksakov and Khomyakov and Gogol...

On May 31, 1931, twenty to thirty individuals gathered around Gogol’s grave, among them: historian M. Baranovska, writers Nd. Ivanov, V. Lugovskoy, Y. Olesha, M. Svitlov, V. Lidin and in. Lidin himself became not the only source of information about Gogol’s re-spirit. With such light hands, terrible legends about Gogol began to circulate in Moscow.

They didn’t immediately find Truna, - telling the students of the Literary Institute, - she appeared not where they were digging, but a little further away, to the side. And when they pulled him from under the ground - covered in vapour, it looked like a stone, from oak planks - and opened it, then the hearts of those present were filled with wonder. Trunya has a skeleton lying on it with its skull turned on its side. No one has found an explanation for this. For anyone who cares, in a sing-song manner, he thought: “Aje mitar - not alive in life, and not dead in death - this is a wonderful, great people.”

Linda's rumors stirred up old feelings about those that Gogol was afraid of being caught as a living creature in the state of lethargic sleep and from this day before his death the commandments:

The body may not be missing until there are clear signs of disorganization. I’ll guess about this: just before the hour of illness began to take hold of me, my heart and pulse stopped beating.

Those who exhumated the 1931 fate knew nothing about those that Gogol would preach without having died, which they worshiped in a lethargic state, having fallen into troubles and surviving the nightmarish events of the new world.

To be fair, it must be said that Linda’s version was not credible. The sculptor M. Ramazanov, who took off Gogol’s death mask, said: “I didn’t dare to take off the mask until the trumpet was ready... they suddenly arrived, they wanted to say goodbye to the dear celestial man, and I lost my heart, about showing the traces of ruin" . An explanation is given to the rotation of the skull: the white trousers of the buttocks are the first to bent, the lid under the ground is lowered, there is a twinkle on the head, and it turns on its side on the so-called “Atlantic spine”.