Vin was definitely not a Radian scoundrel. On the right is Field Marshal Von Kleist

Ewald Paul Ludwig von Kleist

Kleist Ewald (8.8.1881, Braunfels on the Lane, - Zhovten 1954), one of the Nazi soldiers. Zlochyntsiv, Field Marshal General of the Nazi Army (1943). For military purposes service since 1900. Having finished military service. academy (1913). At the hour of the 1st Light War, it engulfed the headquarters plantings. After the war he served in the Reichswehr cavalry. During the hour of aggressive wars against Poland (1939), France (1940), Yugoslavia (1941) he commanded a tank, a corps, a tank, a group. The beginnings of war are on the Radian-German front. Before the fall of leaves in 1942, he commanded the 1st Tank Army (until 1941 - the 1st Tank, Group), which was empty. the striking force of the Nazi-German troops on the frozen wing of the Radian-German front. From leaf fall 1942 commands, Army Group "A". Spring 1944 r. for redundancy to Krim, hit on Pd. Much of the misfortune due to Hitler's strategy resulted from the introduction. For example, the war was captured by the British and in 1946 by the British. Zlochinets was transferred to Yugoslavia and the former Soviet Socialist Republic. There were convictions for the barbaric practice of conducting military operations, brutality, revealing hundreds of prisoners and civilian populations of the occupied territories. He died at the yaznitsa.

Wikoristan materials of the Radyansky Military Encyclopedia in 8 volumes, volume 4.

Kleist, Ewald (1881-1954) – German-fascist military leader, Field Marshal General (1943). In the army since 1900. After graduating from the Military Academy (1913), he took part in the 1st World War at the headquarters. After the war, he served in the Reichswehr (cavalry), acting as an active advocate of motorization of the army. In 1938, it was time for the “cleansing” Hitler to the generals, payments for monarchical reconciliations. In 1939, he was appointed commander of the 22nd Corps, taking part in the war with Poland. In the French campaign of 1940, Rock commanded the tank “Group Kleist”. He was the commander of the 1st Tank Group during the war with Yugoslavia. On the Radian-German front from the beginning of the war until November 22, 1942, he commanded the 1st Tank Army (until June 6, 1941 - a group), which was the striking force of the German troops on the flooded front (Ukraine, P Eternal Caucasus). Since the leaf fall of 1942 - commander of Army Group A, which fought in the Kuban and Crimea. In the spring of 1944, the fate of the defeats in Crimea and on Pivdenny Buzi and the adversity of Hitler’s strategy was abolished at the end. After the war, there were judgments for military atrocities in Yugoslavia and the USSR.

Radyanska historical encyclopedia. It has 16 volumes. - M: Radyansk Encyclopedia. 1973-1982. Volume 7. KARAKIEV - CAT-MAN. 1965.

Kleist, Ewald Paul Ludwig von Kleist (1881-1954) – German military leader; Field Marshal General (1943). In 1909 Having graduated from the cavalry school in Hanover in 1912. - Weisska Academy (Berlin). A participant in the First Light War, after the demobilization of the army, he lost his service with the Reichswehr. Z serpnya 1939 r. commanding the 22nd Army Corps with the rank of cavalry general, and in 1940 - a tank group on the Western Front. Born in 1941 having fought in the Balkans, taking his fate from the capture of Belgrade. When the USSR was invaded, the commander of the 1st Tank Army, who then took part in the battles near Rostov and in the Southern Caucasus. On the 21st leaf fall, 1942. Commander of Army Group “A”. March 31, 1943, after the deprivation of Crimea and access to Pivdenny Bug, there were dispatches to the installation. 25 April 1945 arrests by American troops and removals to London. The certificate was received before the work of the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. In the spring of 1946 transferred to Yugoslavia, 4 serpnya 1948 r. The People's Court of Belgrade sentenced up to 15 convicts. At Birch 1949 transferred to the ownership of the SRSR. February 21, 1952 The military college of the Supreme Court of the SRSR sentenced up to 25 years of imprisonment. Died at the camp for the army troops near Volodymyr near Zhovtny, born in 1954.

The Wehrmacht on the Radian-German front. Evidence and court materials from archival criminal records of the German military forces 1944-1952. (Order. V.S. Khristoforov, V.G. Makarov). M., 2011. (The commentary itself). P. 750.

Kleist Ewald Paul Ludwig von (08.08. 1881, Braunfels am Lahn, Hesse - 15.10. 1954, Volodymyr, SRSR) military leader, field marshal general (31.01.1943). From the military family, son of the Doctor of Philosophy. After graduating from military school. In Berezna in 1900 he joined the 3rd Foot Artillery Regiment as a fanenyunker, and in 1901 he became a lieutenant. In 1909 he graduated from the Cavalry School in Hanover, in 1912 - from the Military Academy. Participant in the 1st World War on the Western and Western fronts, squadron commander, General Staff officer. About 19!9 after the demobilization of the army, he lost his service with the Reichswehr. Perekonaniy was a monarchist who did not sympathize with the Nazis. Since 1920 he served in the cavalry, since 1923 at the Hanoverian Cavalry School. Since 1927, Chief of Staff of the 2nd Cavalry Division (Breslau), since 1928 - 3rd Infantry Division. Since 1931 commander of the 9th Infantry Regiment (Potsdam). 01.02. 1932, replacing General G. von Rundstedt as commander of the 2nd Cavalry Division. 05/01/1935 Kleist's division was reorganized, and on the basis of its headquarters the command of the 8th Army Corps and the 8th Military District near Breslau was established. Kleist buv appointments commander. At the hour of “cleansing” of the high military command after the “Blomberg-Fritch” campaign, Kleist 04.02. 1938 to the fate of the exhibition. In 1939, Torishny Serpnya turned back and was appointed commander of the 22nd Army Corps, which was then a tank group. At the warehouse of the 14th Army of General W. List taking part from the Polish company; having buried the naftovyubovny region near Lvov Brav in the battles on the Somme, in Bordeaux and, having made a run to the English Channel, completing the creation of the Dunker cauldron. Before the start of the war with the USSR, Kleist's group (3rd and 48th Panzer, 4th Motorized Corps) reached the warehouse of the Army Group "Pivden" of Field Marshal G. von Runstedt. 5 linya launched an attack on the “Stalin line” on the old Radyansky cordon, breaking through the yak and taking 10 linya Zhitomir. W 21.11. In 1942, he was the commander of Army Group A, which also included the 17th Army of General R. Ruoff. In Sichnya 1943 The Radian troops broke through the defenses of Kleist's army, and A. Hitler only at the last moment allowed Kleist to advance, and he was able to take Kuban. In the territory controlled by Army Group "A", Kleist pursued a targeted policy of recruiting representatives of various peoples of the USSR to the Wehrmacht. More than 800 thousand people (Karachai, Kabardin, Ossetians, Ingush, Azerbaijanis, Kalmik, Cossacks and others) were in his army for this purpose. Trying to deal humanely with the local population, through which Kleist suddenly arose a conflict with the Reich Commissioner of Ukraine E. Koch and the General Manager of the Labor Force F. Sauckel. Having secured the SS units, they conduct operations in the territory under their control.

03.09. In 1943, fate obtained from Hitler permission to evacuate Kuban, whereby he lost over 300 thousand. osib. After the deprivation of Crimea and access to the Pivdenny Bug, Kleist 31 bereznia was called out at the headquarters, fenced with the Litsarsky Cross with oak forks and swords and fortifications at the headquarters, and in Kvitna Army Group “A” was renamed to Arm Group This is "Pivdennaya Ukraina", and this is the commander appointments F. Scherner. After taking a swing at Hitler 20.07. 1944 rocky buv arrested by the Gestapo. Kleist blamed himself for knowing about the origin of the disease and not knowing about it. However, later he was released. 25.04. 1945 to the date of arrests by American troops and deportations to London, as evidence of incarceration before the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. In the spring of 1946 there were transfers of Yugoslavia and in the spring of 1948 there were sentences by the Yugoslav People's Court to 15 years of hard labor. At Birch 1949 transferred to SRSR. Having met the internal relations of the MDB, Butirsky and Lefortivsky relations, and then the Volodymyrsky relations. 02/21/1952 The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced up to 25 years of imprisonment in camps. According to the official version, he died from mitral valve insufficiency.

Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist(Nim. Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist; 8 sickle, Braunfels - 13 leaf fall, Volodymyr) - German military leader (field marshal since 1943). At the hour of the invasion of the USSR, he commanded a tank army on a direct line. The only field marshal who died near Radyansky.

Curry cob

Comes from an aristocratic Prussian family. Having entered military service in Berezna in 1900, he became a fanen-junker (officer candidate) to the 3rd artillery regiment. Lieutenants were created in 1901. Z 1904 – adjutant to the battalion. In 1910-13 rocks (chief lieutenant) started at the Military Academy. From 1911 to 1914, he served in the 10th Hussar Regiment. Preparations from the company, appointments as squadron commander of the 1st Hussar Regiment.

First World War

From Serpnya 1914 to Zhovten 1915, he commanded the reserve battalion of the 1st Hussar Regiment (“Black Hussars”). Having taken part in the battle of Tannenberg. In 1914, the birth of Zalizny Khrest was assigned to the 2nd class, in 1915 - 1st class.

From the beginning of 1915 to the headquarters of the division, the corps. 3 Serpnya 1917 – p. oper. became the headquarters of the Guards Cavalry Division, then planted in 1918 at the 225th Infantry Division, from the spring of 1918 to the end. oper. He awarded the headquarters of the 7th Army Corps of Nagorodzheny with three more German orders.

Between light wars

After the war, Captain Kleist continued to serve with the Reichswehr at headquarters and command posts. Zhovtnya 1929 r. - Colonel. In 1931 - commander of the 9th Infantry Regiment, in 1932-1933 he commanded the 2nd Cavalry Division (Major General, since 1933 - Lieutenant General). In 1933-1935 he worked at the headquarters and command posts of the 8th military district (Breslau). 1935-1938 commander of the 8th military district and the 8th army corps. In 1936, Torishna Serpnya lost the rank of cavalry general.

War in Europe

On the whole, the corps suffered the fate of the invaded Poland. Fencing with planks up to the climbing crosses (re-fencing).

Converging Front

Uman and Kiev

During the early period of the invasion of the USSR, the 1st Panzer Group was included in the Pivden Army Group and advanced towards the front of Lviv, directly on the Rivne. On the 10th, the group occupied Zhitomir, which is located 150 km from Kiev. Then, turning back to the day, Kleist joined forces with units of the 17th Army, having withdrawn to the Uman region of the great united army of the Pivdenno-Zakhidny front of the Red Army.

In the middle of 1941, Kleist’s group occupied the crossing of the Dnieper near Dnipropetrovsk, creating a threat to Donbass. At the same time, units of the 17th Army crossed the Dnieper near Kremenchuk. On the 10th of April, Kleist took over the Kremechuz bridgehead from the 17th Army. The offensive line of the 1st tank, having launched an attack from the bridgehead, broke through the defenses of the Radyan 38th Army and launched an attack on the ground. Tsey raptovy having broken through the outposts of the Radyanske command of the znenatzka. Over the first 12 years, Kleist’s tanks covered 70 km, and near the town of Romney, 200 km away from Kiev, they joined forces with parts of the 2nd Panzer Group under the command of Guderian. In this manner, Kleist and Guderian created the most intense war in the entire history of war: 5 Radian armies met at Kazan near Kiev. The 26th of Wednesday ended. The total wasted over 600 thousand. soldiers and officers of the Red Army.

Rostov-on-Don

After the capture of Kiev, Kleist's group (from which time it became known as the 1st Panzer Army) destroyed Rostov - the main mark of its campaign in 1941. Having rebelled, the Radyan units on the Dnieper would advance to Zaporizhzhya, Kleist’s army retreated, and then turned back to the day, joining the 18th Army of the Povdenny Front, which threatened the forces of Manstein’s 11th Army right away. On the 5th of June, Kleist’s units reached the Sea of ​​Azov near Berdyansk, thus taking the main forces of the 18th Army, concentrated in the village. Chernihivka. As a result of the battle that ended on the 10th of June, the 18th Army suffered important losses. Almost 100 thousand were spent. of people. The army commander, Lieutenant General A.K. Smirnov, died.

Kleist's army continued its march to protect the Azov Sea: on the 17th of June Taganrog was taken, and on the 28th of the same year the Germans reached the Mius River, the only water crossing before Rostov. The autumn lack of roads and the depletion of sleeping stocks forced Kleist to stop drying.

The commander of the Pivden group, Gerd von Rundstedt, taking into account that the advance of the Russian winter would not last long, marched against Hitler, and on the 17th of leaf fall, Kleist’s tanks destroyed Rostov. After heavy fighting, the defense was destroyed, and on the night of the fall of the 20th, the 1st SS Division reached the site.

Rostov was not only a great place with millions of inhabitants, but also a route to the Kuban, to the naphtha fields of the Caucasus and beyond to Transcaucasia and Iran. Therefore, it would be possible to turn the place around if the Red Army tried to do so. The left flank of Kleist’s army was unsafely exposed, and there was no help from the command. In addition, through early frosts on the Don before the initial rise of ice, and on the 25th of leaf fall, the Radian army under the command of Tymoshenko began to attack from day one, advancing on the ice of the frozen river. After an inveterate and bloody battle on the 28th leaf fall, the German troops lost their place.

Rundstedt requested Hitler's permission to withdraw the army for the winter to the natural line of defense on the people. Mius, without taking permission. Tim is no less, Rundstedt punished him before leaving. That same day, Hitler put him in command of the Pivden group and appointed Walter von Reichenau as the new commander. Prote, having arrived in the city, Reichenau confirmed the order before entering. Rostov became deprived of Radyanskiy until the end of 1942.

Kharkiv

In early 1942, the 1st Panzer Army took part in the Radian offensive near Kharkov (Operation Fredericus).

Attack on the Caucasus

After the fall of Kharkov, the 1st Panzer Army was included in the warehouse of the newly formed Army Group “A” (commander - Field Marshal List). Kleist's army covered the flank of the 17th Army from the night before the remaining army advanced on Rostov. The place was taken on 24 days. Group “A” crossed the Don and launched an attack on the Caucasus. (Div. Battle for the Caucasus)

Pragnuchi to speed up the development of the Transcaucasus, on the 9th of April Hitler sided with List and took command of Group “A” on himself. Prote, not achieving success, transferred command to Kleist on the 21st of leaf fall. Under this, the command of the 1st Panzer passed to General Mackensen. In this rank, under the command of Kleist were the 1st Tank Army and the 17th Army.

Kuban line

At the end of the leaf fall in 1942, the Radyan army completed the retreat of the 6th Army near Stalingrad, which placed Kleist’s group at an important base. The main forces of group "A" were deployed in the frontiers of the Northern Caucasus. Thus, the units of the Red Army, which were located in the area of ​​​​Stalingrad, turned out to be very close to Rostov-on-Don, through which the group passed through a single link with other units of the Similar Front. It was necessary to move quickly from the Caucasus, but Hitler did not give the order to enter until the 27th birthday.

In order to reveal the complexity of the story, it is necessary to remember that at the moment of the beginning of the approach, the advanced units of the 1st Tank Army were on the Terek, 600 km from Rostov. On June 20, 1943, units of the Red Army during the operation “Little Saturn” approached Rostov from today to a distance of less than 50 km (div. position of the front - map winter 1942-43), but they were also in the reserve of Manstein's 4th Panzer Army. The battles raged on the approaches to Rostov and lasted for three days. Manstein's unit nevertheless managed to withstand the onslaught of the Red Army, as a result of which the 1st tank crossed the Don and became completely isolated.

Luftwaffe

Adolf Galland(diamanti) · Werner Mölders(diamanti) · Walter Esau · Gunther Lutzow · Heinz Behr · Hans Philip · Herbert Ilefeld · Max-Helmut Ostermann · Herman Graf(diamanti) · Hans-Joachim Marcel(diamanti) · Gordon Gollob(diamanti) · Leopold Steinbatz · Werner Baumbach · Joachim Muncheberg · Joachim Helbig · Wolf-Dietrich Wilke · Alfred Druschel · Dietrich Peltz · Helmut Strichka(diamanti) · Gunther Rahl · Walter Novotny(diamanti) · Hans-Ulrich Rudel(diamanti) · Hayo Herrmann · Heinrich von Sayn-Wittgenstein · Egon Mayer · Gerhard Barkhorn · Robert von Greim ·

The lesson that characterizes Kleist, Ewald von.

Having heard the rest of the words like a soldier and waving his hands, throwing everything to the ground, the drummer, a dry and burning soldier of the rocks of the forties, glanced sullenly at the soldiers of the songsters and froze. Then, having turned around so that all eyes were straightened on the new one, he carefully raised both hands with his hands to the invisible, precious river above his head, rubbing it for a few seconds and then very heartily throwing it away.
Oh, you, my blue eyes, my blue eyes!
“My new hay...”, twenty voices sang, and the spoon holder, unconcerned with the weight of the ammunition, jumped up in front and walked backwards in front of the company, turning its shoulders and threatening with spoons. The soldiers, waving their arms to the beat of the song, walked away in a spacious line, casually rubbing their feet. Behind the mouth one could hear the sounds of wheels, the crunching of tires and the stalling of horses.
Kutuzov returned from the post office to the place. The Commander-in-Chief gave a sign for the people to continue to walk freely, and in his guise and in all guises his post showed satisfaction at the sounds of the song, which inspired the dancing soldier and the soldiers of the company to leave cheerfully and lively. In the other row, from the right flank, a carriage passed by the company, casually falling in front of the black-eyed soldier, Dolokhov, who especially lively and gracefully walked to the beat of the song and marveled at the faces of those passing with such a look, who had usikh, who is not yshov. This is the hour with the company. The hussar's cornet from Kutuzov's post, imitating the regimental commander, got out of the carriage and went to Dolokhov.
The hussar cornet Zherkov at St. Petersburg had been subject to such a violent marriage as the Cherub Dolokhov. Behind the Zherkov cordon, Dolokhov was a soldier, but did not respect the need to recognize him. Now, after Kutuzov’s promotion, with the joy of an old friend, I returned to the new:
- Dear friend, what? - he said at the sounds of the song, matching the pace of his horse with the pace of his mouth.
- Am I a yak? - Vіdpov coldly Dolokhov, - like a bachish.
The lively song gave special significance to the tone of cheerfulness, as Zherkov spoke, and the sad coldness of Dolokhov’s speeches.
- Well, how are you getting along with your bosses? - By feeding Zherkov.
- Nothing, good people. Are you stuck at headquarters?
- Commands, I promise.
The stinks started to sound.
“She let the falcon out of her right sleeve,” said the song, suddenly awakening in the badjore, feeling more cheerful. Rozmova, perhaps, would have been different, as if the stinks were not speaking at the sounds of the song.
- Is it true that the Austrians were beaten? - By asking Dolokhov.
- And the devil knows, it seems.
“I am radium,” Dolokhov said briefly and clearly, as the song demanded.
“Well, come to us at the end of the day, Pharaoh will lay down the pawn,” said Zherkov.
- Do you have a lot of pennies?
- Come.
- It’s not possible. I made a vow. I don’t drink and I don’t gamble, I don’t waste money.
- Well, let’s deal with it first...
- You'll see there.
I heard the stench again.
“Come in if you need anything, everyone at headquarters will help...” said Zherkov.
Dolokhov chuckled.
- Don't get too excited. Whatever you need, I won’t ask, I’ll take it myself.
- Well, I’m so...
- Well, I am.
- Goodbye.
- Be healthy…
... and high, and far,
For the record...
Zherkov, kicking his spurs three times, got hot, kicked, not knowing where to start, got up and galloped, running around his mouth and pushing the stroller, all the same to the beat of the song.

Turning to look, Kutuzov, the companion of the Austrian general, walked by his office and, calling the adjutant, ordered the deeds of the papers that lay before the camp of the army, and the leaves, taken away from the Archduke Ferdinand, who having left the vanguard army. Prince Andriy Bolkonsky from the necessary papers has reached the office of the commander-in-chief. In front of the table, Kutuzov and the Austrian member of the Kreigsrat were sitting.
“Ah...” Kutuzov said, looking back at Bolkonsky, asking the aide-de-camp to check with that word, and continuing with the French rosemary.
“I’m only saying one thing, general,” Kutuzov said with an acceptable subtlety of words and intonation that made it difficult to hear a word spoken poorly in his skin. It was obvious that Kutuzov himself was satisfied with his hearing. “I can only show you, General, that if there was a special treasure lying on the right, then the will of His Majesty Emperor Franz would have long ago been victorious.” I would have come to see the Archduke a long time ago. And on my honor, it would be especially gratifying for me to transfer the highest command of the army instead of the well-known master general that Austria is so rich in . Let them be the strongest for us, General.
And Kutuzov grinned with such an expression, neither saying: “You have the right not to believe me, and to tell me absolutely no matter what you believe in me or neither, but you do not have the right to tell the drive. And everything is on the right.”
The Austrian general looked dissatisfied, but could not speak in the same tone to Kutuzov.
“By the way,” he said in a grumbling and angry tone, which was so indicative of the accepted significance of the words, “by the way, your Excellency’s part in the court of justice is highly valued by his majesty; “We also appreciate that the glorious Russian armies and their commander-in-chiefs of these laurels, which were reaped from the battles, have been reaped from the battles,” having finished the sentence, perhaps.
Kutuzov bowed, not laughing at him.
- And I am reconciling and, grounding myself on the remaining sheet, with which my highness, Archduke Ferdinand, has given me, I admit that the Austrian armies, under the command of such a master lieutenant, such as General Mack, have now already achieved a decisive victory and will not require any more of our help,” saying Kutuzov.
The general frowned. Even if there were no positive news about the defeat of the Austrians, there were still a lot of circumstances that confirmed these unforeseen feelings; And therefore Kutuzov’s conjecture about the victory of the Austrians was even more similar to mockery. Ale Kutuzov laughed pleasantly, all with this very expression, saying that he has the right to allow this. Effectively, the remaining sheet was taken away from Mack’s army, informing him of victory and the most important strategic position of the army.
“Give me this sheet,” said Kutuzov, rushing to Prince Andriy. - Axis bazhaete bachiti. - I Kutuzov, with a sly smile on the ends of his lips, reading in German to the Austrian general the next place from the sheet of Archduke Ferdinand: “Konnen. Wir konnen, da wir Meister von Ulm sind, den Vortheil, auch von beiden Uferien der Donau Meister zu bleiben, nicht verlieren; mithin auch jeden Augenblick, wenn der Feind den Lech nicht passirte, die Donau ubersetzen, uns auf seine Communikations Linie werfen, die Donau unterhalb repassiren und dem Feinde, wenn er sich gegen unsere treue Allirte mit ganzer Macht wenden wollte, seine Absicht alabald vereitelien. Wir werden auf solche Weise den Zeitpunkt, wo die Kaiserlich Russeische Armee ausgerustet sein wird, muthig entgegenharren, und sodann leicht gemeinschaftlich die Moglichkeit finden, dem Feinde das Schicksal zuzubereit. [We have a very concentrated force, about 70,000 people, so we can attack and break the gate just as it crosses Leh. Since we are already occupied by Ulm, we can take advantage of the command of both the banks of the Danube and the river, since the gate does not cross the Lech, cross the Danube, rush to its communication line, then cross back the Danube and the gate, as I'm thinking of wrapping my entire force on our faithful allies, not to let him be victorious. In this manner, we will carefully observe the hour when the Imperial Russian army is fully prepared, and then we will easily find the ability to prepare for the enemy’s share, for which he deserves.”]
Kutuzov sighed gravely, having completed this period, and respectfully and politely marveled at the member of the Gofkrigratu.
“You know, Your Excellency, the wiser rule is that it is forbidden to allow something hotter,” said the Austrian general, as soon as possible to put an end to the heat and get down to justice.
He glanced briefly at the aide-de-camp.
“Vibachte, general,” interrupting Kutuzov and then turning to Prince Andriy. - Well, my dear, take all the information about our spies from Kozlovsky. The axis of the two leaves is from Count Nostits, the axis of the leaf is from the highness of Archduke Ferdinand, the axis is also, - having said wine, giving him a handful of papers. - And here it is, neatly, in French, a memorandum, a note, for the visibility of all the little news that we have about the activities of the Austrian army. Well, then show your Excellency.
Prince Andriy tilted his head as a sign that he understood from the first words not only what was said, but also what Kutuzov wanted to say. Having collected the paper, and, having added a flaming slope, the kilim quietly creases, vyishov at the reception.
It doesn’t matter to those that not a lot of time has passed since Prince Andrey, having deprived Russia, has changed a lot in that hour. The viraz of his guise, in the rukhs, in the course of the mayzha did not have a noticeable amount of emphasis, including the lenoshchivs; You look like a person who doesn’t have time to think about the enemy, how to work on others, and is busy with the right reception and service. His appearance expressed more satisfaction with himself and with others; His laugh and look were cheerful and enjoyable.
Kutuzov, who had already caught up with Poland, received him very kindly, promised him not to forget him, separated him from other adjutants, took Viden from him and gave serious instructions. From the Day of Kutuzov, writing to his old comrade, father’s prince Andrey:
“Your son,” he wrote, “as an officer, he gives hope that he will go out of his way to do his work, with firmness and diligence. I respect myself as happy, hanging under the hand of such a mean one.”
Kutuzov's headquarters, among his comrades in the service and Prince Andriy, who spent time in the army, as well as in the St. Petersburg partnership, have two very long reputations.
Some, a minority, recognized Prince Andrey as something special from themselves and from other people, looked forward to new great successes, heard about him, loved him and inherited him; And with these people, Prince Andrey became simple and accepting. Others, for the most part, did not like Prince Andrey, they respected him as a pouty, cold and unpleasant person. With these people, Prince Andriy was able to put it in such a way that they fooled around and were afraid of him.
Having arrived in the reception room of Kutuzov’s office, Prince Andriy went with his papers to his comrade, Kozlovsky’s aide-de-camp, who was sitting in the white window with a book.
- Well, prince? - By asking Kozlovsky.
- You are ordered to fold the note, which is why there is no way forward.
- Why?
Prince Andriy lowered his shoulders.
– Is there no sign from Mac? - By asking Kozlovsky.
- No.
- If it’s true, if there were no robberies, then the report would have come.
“Perhaps,” said Prince Andrey and went straight to the exit door; And then, at the same hour, the door rattled, a very tall, obviously foreign, Austrian general in a frock coat, with his thin black head tied and with the Order of Maria Theresa on his neck, suddenly stood tall. Prince Andriy stammered.
- General Chief Kutuzov? - the visiting general quickly waved with a sharp German dogan, looking around at the offending parties and flawlessly walking to the door of the office.
“The general is in charge,” said Kozlovsky, approaching the invisible general and blocking my path from the door. - How will you punish the accused?
The invisible general glanced disrespectfully down at the short-lived Kozlovsky, wondering how they might not know him.
“The general is in charge,” Kozlovsky repeated calmly.
Having denounced the general, he frowned, his lips pursed and froze. He pulled out the notebook, thickly covered it with olive, tore out the leaf, let the crumbs fall to the window, threw his body on the table and looked at the many people in the room, feeding on the nooks: wow wonder? Then the general raised his head, craned his neck, there was no way we were going to say anything, but suddenly, people soon began to sing to themselves, uttering a wondrous sound that immediately stuttered. The doors to the office opened, and Kutuzov appeared. The general, with his head tied, his legs flowing in the face of insecurity, having worn out the great, squishy crumbs of his thin legs, walked up to Kutuzov.
“Vous voyez le malheureux Mack,” he said in a broken voice.
Having exposed Kutuzov, standing at the door to the office, a bunch of husks were completely lost. Then, like a wimp, a wrinkle ran across his face and his forehead smoothed out; He draped his head in a mannered manner, flattened his eyes, let Mack go with him, and closed the doors behind him.
The sentiment, already expanded earlier, about the defeat of the Austrians and about the surrender of the entire army near Ulm, appeared to be fair. Days later, in various directions, aide-de-camps were sent with orders that brought to light the fact that the Russian troops, who had previously been inactive, were guilty of meeting with the enemy.
Prince Andrey was one of those rare officers at the headquarters who took into account his main interest in the behind-the-scenes course of military affairs. Having seen Mac and felt the details of his death, we realized that half of the campaign was lost, realizing the complexity of the formation of the Russian troops and clearly revealing ourselves that the main army, and the role that I can’t steal from her.
I was pleased to hear the thoughts about the disgrace of self-righteous Austria and about those that in the next few days I might have the opportunity to take part in the conflict between the Russians and the French, especially for Suvorov.
But he was afraid of the genius of Bonaparte, who might emerge as the strongest for all the goodness of the Russian troops, and at the same time he could not allow his hero to be ruined.
Frustrated and upset by these thoughts, Prince Andriy Pishov went to his room to write to his father, to whom he had written today. He stood in the corridor with his fellow Spivmeshkan Nesvitsky and the roaster Zherkov; stink, as if before, I laughed.
- Why are you so frowning? - Having slept with Nesvitsky, noticing the blazing eyes of Prince Andriy.
“There’s no point in having fun,” says Bolkonsky.
Just as Prince Andrey met with Nesvitsky and Zherkov, from the other side of the corridor in front of them came Strauch, an Austrian general who had been at Kutuzov’s headquarters to guard the food supply of the Russian army, and a member of the Kriegsrat, who arrived in advance. The wide corridor provided enough space for the generals to mix freely with the three officers; Ale Zherkov, walking away with Nesvitsky’s hand, said in a hectic voice:
- Let's go! ...Go! ... Stay clear of the road! be a caress on the way!
The generals walked by with a look at the bajan to indulge in heavy honors. The appearance of the roaster Zherkov was reflected in a wicked smile of joy, which could not be extinguished.
“Your Excellency,” he said in German, leaning forward and approaching the Austrian general. - It’s my honor to greet you.
He bowed his head and, like children, began to dance, starting to scrape with one foot or the other.
The general, a member of the gofkrigsratu, looked around at him; Not noticing the seriousness of the evil smile, I could not recognize the wicked respect. He became friendly, showing that he was hearing.
“It’s my honor to greet you, General Mack has arrived, completely healthy, having only been here for a little while,” he added, with a huge smile and pointing to his head.
The general frowned, turned away and walked away.
- Gott, wie naiv! [My God, what a simple wine!] - he said angrily, having seen a bunch of crocks.
Nesvitsky immediately embraced Prince Andriy, aka Bolkonsky, even more angry, with an evil expression in the individual, withdrawing him and going to Zherkov. Those nervous breakdowns that Mack’s look suggested to him, the news about his defeat and the thought about those who were watching the Russian army, found their result in embitterment at Zherkov’s unreasonable heat.
“If you, my dear sir,” he spoke shrilly to the light three-tonnes of the lower crack, “you want to be a blessing, then I can’t hurt you; But I tell you that if you dare to get up in my presence again, then I will tell you how to behave.

Philosophy.

Coming from an old family of Prussian aristocrats, the military profession was respected by family tradition. Rid Kleist gave Nimechchin 3 field marshals and many generals. One of Kleist’s ancestors, Field Marshal Count F. von Kleist, was a hero of the Free War of the German people against Napoleon in 1813. Kleist began his military service in 1900 as a cadet of the 3rd Artillery Regiment. After graduating from military school and becoming an officer (1901). In 1907 he was appointed colonel adjutant. 1909 graduated from the cavalry school, chief lieutenant (1910). After the completion of the Military Academy (1912), assignments were transferred to the 14th Hussar Regiment, then transferred to the 1st Hussar Regiment, captain (1914). Participant in the First World War, most of which fought on the Skhidny Front, commander of a squadron (1914-1915), officer of the General Staff for the 85th Infantry Division (1915), aide-de-camp to the brigade commander, then commander of the divisions Izii, officer at the headquarters of the 17th Army Corps 1916), chief of staff of the Guards Cavalry Division (1917). After Russia's exit from the war, its division was transferred to the Western Front (1918). Kleist ended the war as an officer on the General Staff for the 225th Infantry Division. In 1919, he joined the “Volunteer Corps” (Colonel F. von Epp) and took part in the suppressed revolution in Nimecchina. After the demobilization of the old army, he was deprived of service in the Reichswehr, chief of staff of the cavalry division (1919). Then he served in the 13th Cavalry Regiment, major (1922). Since 1923, a student at the Cavalry School in Hanover, lieutenant colonel (1926). In 1927 he was appointed chief of staff of the 2nd cavalry division (Breslau), and in 1928 - chief of staff of the 3rd infantry division and at the same time chief of staff of the 3rd military district (Berlin), colonel (1929). In 1931 he became commander of the elite 9th Infantry Regiment (Potsdam). In 1932, the army replaced General G. von Rundstedt as commander of the 2nd Cavalry Division and became a major general.

Being a converted monarchist, the Nazis came to power in Germany (since 1933) Kleist Zustriv was not commendable and did not sympathize with them at all, after which they did not care about all his military services to the Reich , the installation before the new Nazi era was always going to be cold. In 1935, he attained the rank of lieutenant general. At the same time, on the basis of the 2nd Cavalry Division, the 8th Army Corps was fired up, with Kleist becoming its commander. At the same time he was the commander of the 8th military district (Silesia), which included 3 divisions (8, 18 and 28 infantry divisions), general of cavalry (1936).

At the hour of the “general’s purge” the army was discharged (fierce 1938). But the war was approaching, and Hitler demanded more information from the generals. In 1939, Kleist was again called up for military service and was appointed commander of the 22nd Army Corps. On this corps (one of the three divisions of this tank) Kleist took part in the Polish campaign of 1939. This corps entered the warehouse of the 14th Army of General W. Liszt and arrived at the Pivdenny part of Poland. After the defeat of the enemy in the Lvov area, Kleist launched a rapid raid to the river. Bug, on the 16th spring, it met the corps of General G. Guderian, advancing in the evening. The result of this maneuver was the strategic sharpening of the main forces of the Polish army to enter the Vistula. After the defeat of Poland, Kleist’s corps was transferred to the Western Front.

During the French campaign of 1940, Kleist defeated the tank group (“Kleist’s tank group”) and was assigned to the 12th Army of General V. List. The warehouse of his group included the 19th (General G. Guderian), 41st (General G. Reinhardt) and 14th (General G. Withersheim) motorized corps. “Kleist’s Panzer Group” was actually a tank army, although this term was officially adopted in just 1.5 years, and Kleist himself became essentially the first tank commander of the Nazi Army.

Having broken through Luxembourg to the south of Belgium, their tank troops entered the Maginot Line, which stole their stability and allowed the troops of General V. von Leeb to proceed before the breakthrough heavily fortified defense area. Then the Viyska Kleist inflicted misery on the French on the river. Meuse, May 14th, they were forced and launched a rapid attack to the English Channel. With their exit to the coast, the lighting of the “Dunkirk Cauldron” was completed, in which over 400 thousand were deposited. French, English and Belgian. At another stage of the campaign, the 14th and 16th (General E. Gepner) motorized corps and several other formations entered the warehouse of Kleist's tank group. Vaughn launched a swift attack near the depths of France. At the time of the capitulation of France, Kleist's tank troops were stationed at Lyon and Saint-Etienne. During the French campaign, Kleist became a colonel general (19 June 1940). Even earlier, during the Polish campaign, the Litsarsky Khrest was fenced off.

In the fall of 1940, Kleist left the 1st tank group, and in the spring of 1941 it was transferred to the Balkans (to Bulgaria). Having taken part in the Balkan campaign of 1941, he was in the operational order of the commander of the 12th Army, Field Marshal V. List. During this campaign, the first tank group of troops fought in Yugoslavia. On the 9th quarter of the war they cleared Niš cape, and on the 13th quarter they reached the capital of Yugoslavia – Belgrade. The defeat of the enemy in Yugoslavia was achieved by Kleist's tank group in cooperation with the 2nd Army of General M. von Weichs. After the completion of the Balkan campaign, it was eventually transferred to Poland, where it reached the warehouse of Army Group Pivden (Field Marshal G. von Rundstedt).

Immediately after the invasion of the territory of the Radyansky Union, the 1st tank group took part in the largest tank battle of the entire war, which flared up in the areas of Rivne, Brody, Lutsk, which ended with the defeat of the Radyansky troops. Developing the success achieved, Kleist 10th fell in Zhitomir, and then the tanks turned back and in the Pervomaisk area united with the troops of the 17th Army (General K. von Stülpnagel), closing the ring armor of the great grouping of the Red Army on the Right Bank of Ukraine. boiler). Until the 8th sickle, this grouping of the Radian army was liquidated, having spent over 100 thousand. osib. Like trophies, the Germans buried here over 300 tanks and up to 800 tanks. In the fall of 1941, the 1st Panzer Group crossed the Dnieper and Kremenchuk and on the 16th spring near Romny joined the 2nd Panzer Group of Guderian, closing the ring of the 5 Radian armies. Until the end of the spring, the grouping of the Radian army (Kiev grouping) began its formation. More than 600 thousand were buried during the liquidation period alone. osib. On June 6, 1941, the 1st Tank Group was reorganized into the 1st Tank Army. The next day, before Kleist's operational formation, the 11th Army arrived. In the summer of 1941, Kleist defeated a group of Radyansky troops at the dawn of Berdyansk, burying a total of 65 thousand. man, then the army occupied most of the Donbass and 21 leaves fell on Rostov-on-Don.

But here the happiness of the world, like the beginning of Another world war, invariably accompanied Kleist, changed you. This tank formation, which rushed far ahead, recognized the intense counterattack of the Radian troops and was deprived of Rostov (29 leaf fall). Under the onslaught of the enemy, they began a hasty approach to the approach, regardless of Hitler’s most urgent order, which blocked the shortest exit. Not being able to keep up with the pressure of the Radyan army, Kleist approached the commander of the group army “Pivden” with his prayers to allow him to reach the people. Mius. Rundstedt, on his own responsibility, gave such permission, for which Hitler was immediately kicked out of prison. Field Marshal W. von Reichenau, who replaced him, nevertheless obtained permission from the Fuhrer for the withdrawal of the 1st Panzer Army. In this way, near Rostov, Kleist gained the dubious glory of the first German military leader, who recognized the great defeat of the Other World War. In the spring of 1942, Kleist took part in the Battle of Kharkov, which ended with a new great victory for the Nazi armies.

The 1st Panzer Army destroyed the vast contribution from the Qiu. On 24 July it suddenly took Rostov, and then collapsed into the Southern Caucasus. 8 Serpnya and the army buried Maikop and then reached the outskirts of the Main Caucasian Range. Alas, here the stench of the inveterate operations of the Radyan army was heard, and they were moving further away. Kleist’s old chief, commander of Army Group “A”, Field Marshal List, fought under commands in Poland, France and the Balkans, and was displaced from his imprisonment (10 June 1942) and liberated from the military post. Hitler took command of Army Group A. However, the theatrical gesture of the Fuhrer was not enough to aggravate the situation. Above all, she continued to enjoy herself without pleasure.

On the 19th of leaf fall, the intense counterattack of the Red Army near Stalingrad began. The defense front of Army Group “B” began to collapse in the rich towns by the Radian troops. The grim appearance of the stormy catastrophe of the entire fallen wing of the German Convergence Front has already begun to emerge in a whole new way. A great corporal, who, having revealed himself to be the commander of one of the most powerful armies in the world, was anxious to know (albeit secretly for himself) his external military bankruptcy and was appointed to the post of the commander of Army Group “A”, a professor ionala (leaf fall 22, 1942). Nim became Kleist. The warehouse of this army group then included only 2 armies - the 17th and 1st tanks. In this situation, the new commander is obliged to live the terminology approaches according to the order of the entrusted military forces.

After the catastrophe that befell the Wehrmacht near Stalingrad, the German troops in the Southern Caucasus faced the threat of isolation from the main forces of the German Converging Front and further defeat. It is necessary to give careful attention to Kleist - he insisted on completing the tasks set before him with great mystique, wanting Hitler to only allow him to open access at the last moment. Prote Kleist decided to withdraw the 1st Tank Army from the Upper Caucasus through the narrow corridor near Rostov, and the 17th Army was organized to withdraw to the lower Kuban and quickly consolidate there. The merits of Kleist, who had done everything to create a “new Stalingrad” in the Northern Caucasus, were obvious. On September 31, 1943, Hitler killed his field marshals. During the period of military operations in the Upper Caucasus, Kleist pursued an active policy in the occupied territory of the German-fascist army of the Cossacks and the Georgian peoples of the Upper Caucasus, which resulted in great success Ikhiv. By some kind of world, it was decided to reach the loyal position of Kleist to the local population, to protect the Cossacks and mountaineers with anti-radish stakes, to protect the SS troops from carrying out punitive operations in the territories under their control. In the spring of 1943, Rock obtained permission from Hitler for the evacuation of the 17th Army from the Taman bridgehead to Crimea, which resulted in the collapse of the great grouping of the Nazi troops (about 260 thousand. osib).

Ale then Kleist started a serious rift with Hitler. Kleist pressed the Fuhrer to deprive Crimea and evacuate the German and Romanian armies from the province, respecting his defense not only hopeless, but threatening a great defeat (what happened even after Kleist’s resignation ). Ale Hitler defended Kleist about the price of thinking.

In the birch of 1944 fate, being unable to cope with the strong pressure of the Red Army on the borders of the people. Pivdenny Bug, Kleist ordered his troops to go to the Dniester. Hitler became angry at such a decision of the Field Marshal, who dared to violate his order, rather than being confronted with the fact of insurrection 27 without sanctioning Kleist’s decision. On January 30, the Fuhrer's special flight landed in Tiraspol, where the headquarters of Army Group A was located, in order to pick up its commander, who, in the terminology, called at headquarters.

In the evening of that day, Hitler received Kleist, surrounded him with oak leaves and swords to the Litsarsky ridge, and then removed him from his seat and took him to his stand. Confirming his decision, the Fuhrer declared that he praises everything that Kleist has accomplished, and the hour of the great offensive operations on the Similar Front, known to the Fachs, such as Kleist, passed. Now we, Hitler, need other commanders, the very ones who may be determined to defend their troops to the best of their ability. Kleist quickly became the remaining partner with the Fuhrer in order to please him to make peace with the Radian Union. Ale Hitler, having given up on this, declared in testimony that there was no need for it, since the Red Army had already completely exhausted its strength.

Kleist’s attacker at the planting of the commander of Army Group “A” became the Nazi Colonel General F. Scherner, who was ready to defy Hitler’s punishments with his powerful fanaticism. The expulsion from the army of Kleist pishov from their mothers in Weidelbrück (Silesia), where they lived in a quiet settlement for about 4 months.

And after I took a swing at Hitler on June 20, 1944, Kleist’s seclusion was destroyed. He was arrested by the Gestapo for suspicion of participating in a conspiracy against Hitler. Suspicions of Nazi ceremonies against Kleist arose because one of his relatives appeared honorable to death. While the investigation did not have any direct evidence that the field marshal had any evidence, it was only because he knew about the outbreak, but did not inform the authorities about it and, therefore, his student. Ale Hitler decided not to welcome such a prominent field marshal to the “people's court.” After the passion of Field Marshal Ege. Having been healed and even suspected of death of two more field marshals (Kluge and Rommel), the Nazi leadership has stumbled into a difficult situation - to continue the repression against the military elite of the Reich, who will stop. First in the minds of the war, which is troubling, was threatening with important inheritances (that same German people had the right reason for the death of Kluge and Rommel - field marshals, no less famous, Nizh Kleist), the other looked more beautiful, more what a lesson for lovers of all kinds served and until the singing world has already reached its mark. Tom Kleist got out of the relationship and turned to his mat.

Being close to the front to Silesia, he decided to move to one of the small villages near Lower Bavaria in early 1945, where the American troops arrested him on the 25th quarter. Advancing from Silesia, Kleist’s son visited his father’s house so that the wine would not fall to the Bolsheviks. As a witness, Kleist took part in the meetings of the International Nuremberg Military Tribunal.

In the spring of 1946, the Americans saw Yugoslavia, and in 1948 Kleist, as a military rebel, was sentenced to 15 years of hard labor. Already in 1949 the fate of Yugoslavia was handed over to the Radyansky government. In 1952, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR condemned Kleist for committing military crimes on the territory of the Radyansky Union to 25 years of imprisonment. In the spring of 1954, he was transferred to the Volodymyrskaya Vyaznitsa, where German generals, also convicted by the Radyansky court for military atrocities, were being captured. Zvidsi Kleist, first after his arrest in the spring of 1945, let his relatives know that he was living with the FRN. He died of heart failure.

* * *

Kleist lasted until the older generation of Hitler's military leaders. Vin was first of all the Prussian general of the old camp, a follower of the traditions of the closed and conservative military caste, imbued with the spirit of militarism and military concerns. Kleist by no means expressed his pro-monarchist views and openly advocated the restoration of the monarchy. Having a negative attitude from the very beginning to the Nazi regime and not sharing its ideology, after many years of rich fates it was given to serve you, putting your knowledge, knowledge and insignificant military properties at the service of the Nazis. Such a dual identity of this Prussian aristocrat probably reflected his spiritual and living principles (adherence to the orthodox dogmas of Prussian Junkerism, the Pan-German svetolism, Prussian militarism and conservative atism, witchcraft towards any manifestations of democracy). They knew that the police were thinking about what was being carried out by the Nazi ceremonies in Germany. At the same time, Kleist did not compromise with the Nazis even in the principles of his diet, without arguing, like many of his colleagues, with a blind ear to Hitler, who were able to show character and stand up to their point of view, no matter what. His military virtues and high professionalism were by no means missed by Hitler, although he and his hostility toward Kleist are eagerly sought after. Until the right moment, Kleist will be needed.

Having parted from him, the Fuhrer was no longer in need of military leaders like Kleist, who, due to the circumstances, had an imperious view of the nature of military operations and the methods of carrying them out, as well as the ability to show initiative. They were replaced by the rumored Vikonavs of his will, all the military talent of which was reduced to just one - standing there, trying to take up positions until they remained possible.

Being a man of strong principles, Kleist did not fall for anti-Hitler sentiments, because, first of all, Hitler was the head of the state for him, and Kleist recognized this fact; in another way, for those who came from the Prussian officer corps, the military oath was sacred, and in 1934 Kleist swore allegiance to Adolf Hitler; thirdly, Kleist was a Prussian soldier to the core and nothing else, and he could not at any time violate the oath that in his mind was observed with the joy of Fatherlandism.

As a military leader, Kleist has incredible military talent. Commander of the army corps, he was assigned to the Polish campaign of 1939. During the French 1940 and Balkan 1941 campaigns, the tank group that was defeated by him made a great contribution to the achievement of victory, and Kleist himself established himself as a talented military leader. Commanding tank formations, he showed humility, decisiveness, reasonable initiative and high combat mastery. This is how Kleist was very successful in his actions on the Skhidny Front in 1941-1942, against the entire tank group, and also the tank army. Its armored and motorized forces achieved a number of great victories in Ukraine and the Southern Caucasus, fighting against the attacks of Army Group “Pivden”, then Army Group “A”. Nowadays, the failure near Rostov at the end of 1941 put a dent in his fighting reputation.

The visible bones of the great military leader Kleist were discovered in the seat of the commander of Army Group A, which he commanded for 16 months. Undeterred by the fact that his actions happened in a complicated situation, and his initiative was constrained by Hitler’s partial handovers from the military’s operational servicing, Kleist did not allow the same great operational blunder.

After the defeat at Stalingrad, the Nazi army devoted a strategic initiative to the Convergence Front. The Red Army's attempt to cross it near Kursk was not successful. In these minds, the Wehrmacht was afraid to go on the defensive on the entire front, forcefully repelling the offensive one after another, the hard blows of the Radyan troops. But it was not possible to imagine them in many direct ways. In a situation of constant misfortunes, which began to retrace the German army from the end of 1942, the small group of armies "A" was defeated by Kleist and tried to destroy what had been prepared for it by Hitler's vicious strategy. new Stalingrad" in the Southern Caucasus, and then successfully streamed for a troubling hour. Black line" (Taman bridgehead) and "Mius-front" (in modern Ukraine).

All reasonable propositions of Kleist, created for the purpose of enhancing the operational formation of his troops with the help of additional surplus areas and villages of the territory, which were taken carelessly, were abandoned by Hitler. The initiative he showed after the defense accident at Pivdennoye Buzy was aimed at wasting the surpluses of his troops in a quick way out of deep poverty, costing him at his post and post.

It should be noted that Kleist’s centenaries with the lighter ones were equal, although it is not possible to be able to see it. Once again, with great negligence, separated from their old comrades, they did not blame the blame on others, taking all the blame for their minor mistakes and failures on themselves. Kleist gained popularity among the troops he commanded and enjoyed great popularity on the side of his subordinate generals and officers. So, when Hitler announced his intention to fire Kleist, the Chief of the General Staff of the Army, Colonel General K. Zeitzler (Kleist’s former Chief of Staff) resigned from the post as a sign of protest. Although Hitler was willing to accept it, but not to direct Zeitzler’s plans to the new enemy, the fight against the disgraced commander proceeded correctly.

Having completed 27 ties with the Tabors during the hour of his more than 9-day tour of the Peremozhtsy, Field Marshal Kleist completed his life's journey with the Radyansk vyaznitsa. This is the only remaining corner in one of the unmarked graves of the prison building. Russia, having unsuccessfully tried to conquer this Prussian warrior for two years, generously saw three arshins of Russian land.

Number 3 on the list of the most talented military leaders of the Third Reich is occupied by Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, and I sing that such a high place in my impromptu ranking is still alive. Vin, perhaps, is not as “untwisted” as many others, but I respect him as a very strong commander, from any point of view. The typical Prussian officer of the tenth generation, for the cry of his blood and the cry of his heart, was guilty of becoming a professional military officer. In the von Kleist family, I found at least 10 generals and at least one field marshal general. Count F. von Kleist was the hero of the Free War of the German people against Napoleon in 1813.
Ewald von Kleist served as a 19-year-old cadet at the rank of fanen-junker (officer candidate) in the 3rd artillery regiment. In 1913, the family graduated from the Military Academy and, just before the First World War, went there, where they left their childhood - in the 1st Hussar Regiment (the famous Prussian Life Hussars). Most of the war was spent on the Skhidny Front. Having started as a squadron commander, then an officer of the General Staff of the 85th Infantry Division, aide-de-camp to the brigade commander, then a division commander, an officer of the headquarters of the 17th Army Corps, and also the chief of staff of the Guards Cavalry any division. Having finished the war as a captain and lost his service in the Reichswehr. Before Hitler came to power, he received the rank of major general and was appointed commander of the 2nd cavalry division, in which case he, before speaking, replaced von Runstedt. Both Hitler and the Nazis in particular, von Kleist could not tolerate - and without ever catching his views - he would be converted into a complete monarchist. However, he lost his service in the army and lost his promotion to general of cavalry in 1936 and was appointed commander of the 8th military district. However, the hostility of Goering and Himmler, as well as those party members who were trying to serve in the army, was so great that in its purest form it began in 1938, reserve of generals.

Prussian hussars in front of Persha Svitova

This mission affected many people until the end of 1939 prevented the rich from being called up again for military service. Hitler can rightly be blamed for his many sins, but one cannot argue against his idiocy. A perceptive and not bad politician (let’s say, right up to the beginning of the 40s) was very sensitive to people. We respect that such a prof as Kleist brings a lot of value, and we respect it absolutely fair. The rest do not care about their hostility to Nazism, and do not at all welcome the oath to the Reich Chancellor. Before the war, Hitler placed von Kleist in charge of the 2nd Army Corps, which consisted of 3 divisions, one of which was tank. And a great guards cavalryman, who had not commanded mechanized regiments before this year, needed to know the correct proportion of the interaction between tanks and infantry. The results were brilliant - the corps entered the warehouse of the 14th Army of General W. Liszt and arrived at the Pivdenny part of Poland. After the defeat of the enemy in the Lvov area, Kleist launched a rapid raid to the river. Bug, on the 16th spring, it met the corps of General G. Guderian, advancing in the evening. The result of this maneuver was the strategic sharpening of the main forces of the Polish army to enter the Vistula.

Ewald von Kleist

In the French company, Kleist is part of the same name group, thus de facto the first German tanker of the tank army (the term itself will de jure be coined much later). The group made a breakthrough through the Ardennes to the snow of Belgium, defeated the enemy on the Meuse River, showed itself at the creation of the Dunkirk cauldron, and then quickly turned around and headed straight into the depths of France. The company for Kleist in Lyon and Saint-Etienne has ended.
His unkind people could not help but recognize his military mastery. The title of Colonel General after the company is more than deserved.
More to come. The Balkan organization of the military colonel general will enter the city of Nish and enter Belgrade.
Kleist's 1st Panzer Group began the war against the USSR at the warehouse of the army group "Pivden". The tank battle of Lutsk-Rivne-Dubno, Zhitomir, the Uman Cauldron, the Kiev Cauldron, Berdyansk and, finally, was successful, before the burial of Rostov-on-Don - to all this, Kleist put his hand in the middle. True, on the 28th leaf fall, the field marshal was in turmoil from Rostov, having become the first beaten German general on the Skhidny Front, there was no protest there, but, after Rostov, the Germans immediately turned back to 42. However, th entrance to the post of commander of the army group background Runstedt, and Kleist himself suffered little from his career. The commander of the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte-SS Adolf Hitler Joseph Sepp Dietrich especially stood up for him, saying that with his maneuver Kleist had turned the German armies into complete defeat. Before his miniature, or even charismatic, great funeral, the Reich Chancellor listened and took Kleist away from the dignified military. I need to say it without hurting you. In 1942, Kleist took part in the battle of Kharkov and took Maikop, and on the 22nd of leaf fall, after the disaster near Stalingrad, Ewald von Kleist was appointed commander of Army Group A. The warehouse was placed on the new folds - but they stopped. Through the narrow corridor near Rostov, you were able to withdraw the 1st Tank Army from the Caucasus, and the army of the 17th Army was organized to withdraw into the lower Kuban and quickly consolidate there, in such a manner, having lost new cauldrons, very much c. Moreover, everything was completed in the shortest possible time and with minimal expenses. If you don’t give the title for such a reason, then for what? Without any regard for those that Kleist, just seemingly, without being anyone’s lover, on September 31, 1943, Hitler promoted him to field marshal general.


Sepp Dietrich (at the center) among his two trusted SS comrades - Gerhard Pleiss and Fritz Witt

In the spring of the same fate, Kleist carried out a brilliant operation - the evacuation of the 17th Army from the Taman bridgehead to Crimea. Znovu everything is divided shvidko and practically without expenses. And the number stock is quite large - close to 260 thousand. osib, 70 thousand. horses, all equipment, artillery and food supplies. It was not easy to come up with a decision about the access to Hitler, but to carry it out correctly was an even more difficult task. Prote Hitler did not forget to enter. And if, in the spring of 1944, Von Kleist gave the order, under the blows of the dominant Radian forces, to launch a planned approach from the Pivden Bug to the Dniester, calling him to Berlin and sending a representative, calling for the need passively conducts the military action and ignores the Fuhrer’s orders about impotence access True, the stand was smeared with a high fence - Hitler was generous and crowned von Kleist with the King’s Cross with oak leaves and swords, passing the stage of the fence with the King’s Cross with oak leaves, so that the statute of the order was destroyed and it was rare to see Isnim. Prote, a stand is a stand. This is partly due to the fact that Kleist, having propagated Hitler’s terminology, joked to the world from the USSR, admitting that it would be even worse, pro-Hitler would have other thoughts.


Kleist on the operational level of the Reich Chancellor.

For 4 months, the field marshal was alive in peace in one of his family’s beds, and after the failure of the lime putsch, he was taken to death. However, there was nothing to show him, and, regardless of all the hatred of the rich party functionaries before him, he was released and given peace. Having spent the entire year before the Americans on the 25th quarter of 1945, there were no particularly serious charges against him. In the spring of 1946, it was not possible for the rich to see Yugoslavia and in 1948, the Yugoslav People's Court sentenced up to 15 years of hard labor. In the spring of 1949 the SRSR was transferred to the rock, and on the 21st of 1952 the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the SRSR sentenced up to 25 years of imprisonment in camps. When hanging out with a woman, it’s good to know how to treat an aristocrat and an officer. Having changed around the 25th month of the war and displacement, it died on November 13, 1954 near the well-known Volodymyr Central, becoming the largest German army that died near the Radyansky Polon. The burial place is unknown.
Broadly speaking, what is less surprising is such a supernatural arrogance to von Kleist. It can be clearly said that he absolutely clearly and unequivocally ordered not to impose daily punitive attacks on the army and especially the civilian population. Perhaps on the right is that he, as a good ceraver, never exposed his underlings and took responsibility on himself, and under his cob served various people. A negative background for him was the active policy of capturing the German Cossack army and the mountain peoples of the Upper Caucasus, in which the results were achieved, so people believed this general, just as soldiers and officers believed him, who are under his care. He will be suvory and fair. Well, the remaining official may be political - since such a great army bird fell into the hands of our justice - then he had to suffer for everyone.

Walter Model

Against the backdrop of von Kleist from the perspective of the National Socialism book Otto Moritz Walter Model on the name “Hitler’s Burning”. In our list we are number 2, and we went through life in the middle of the greatest generals, the Wehrmacht, who were the nation number 2 for fanaticism, after Reichenau. For me, Model is the most unique feature of the list, which I already wrote about in the first part. Why bother? Let's get along.
From a simple point of view, one can say that the poor family and their activities are very different from most of the senior officers of the Wehrmacht, inspired by the “Prussian military traditions.” For almost the entire duration of the world’s service, I was on the front line with the rank of chief lieutenant, commanding a company. Such wines were called larkspurs, or “black brush” warriors. Having repeatedly shown the special man his courage, he was wounded 3 times and was awarded a lot of orders and medals. For example, the war of transfers to the General Staff, and looking at those who did not finish the Military School, the fallout is even more rare. Literally on the fingers of one hand you can guess something similar - perhaps you are truly talented.
After the war, I lost my position in the Reichswehr and I need to say that my career turned out well for coming from the bottom. Until 1933, he held the rank of lieutenant colonel, was a renowned expert in technical nutrition, and also the author of a historical book about the famous German field marshal of the Napoleonic war era A. Gneisenau. Around this hour, the Model especially gets to know Dr. Goebbels and literally falls into a state of mind full of ideas. Goebbels was also favored by a young and competent colonel, and he should be placed directly next to Hitler. This is the turning point in Model’s life. Vin becomes a converted Nazi, and the Reich Chancellor gives increased protection to the promising military man. In 1934, Model attained the rank of colonel, and in 1938 he was promoted to major general. The Polish and French companies were appointed Field Marshal Zustriv as the chief of staff of the 4th Army Corps and the 16th Army. The authorities were already impressed by his thoughtfulness, his ability to gain respect for the most detailed details and excellent professional knowledge. Prote himself the Model of descho heavyweights, including armchair robots, and most unequivocally asking to take part from the authorities. At the end of 1940, he was appointed commander of the 3rd tank division and served as lieutenant general. The commander of this division at the warehouse of the 2nd Panzer Group of General G. Guderian entered the territory of the Radyansky Union. Bilostok, Minsk, Smolensk, Bobruisk, Kiev - the axis of our route. For her military service, the title of General of the Tank Forces and the new position as commander of the 41st Tank Corps will be revoked. At the same time, he is surrounded by the Litsarsky Cross - Hitler does not forget one of his lovers. This building operates on the Moscow direct and toll 41, resulting in serious harm. This is the first blow on the nose for the Model, but not the last one! However, his actions are visible in the distance, and his advancement is being noticed again - on June 16, 1942, he was appointed commander of the 9th Army. This could not have happened without Hitler’s special initiative, which recognizes the Module in bypassing the calls, one might say in a pose. This was one of Hitler's most boring decisions. From this very hour begins the glory of Model as an excellent commander, whom his opponents feared and respected, and the Germans themselves called him nothing less than “The Genius of Defense.” To begin with, he turned his army against the threat of extermination and defeat, and then he himself crushed the Radyan 30th army to smithereens. The strange Rzhev ledge, about which all the attacks of our military forces broke down one by one. Main evacuation of 17 of its divisions from this protrusion at the birch 43 - tsege Model.


Rzhevsky Vistup

Suddenly, Model was seriously “knocked” on the head during the “Citadel” operation. With you, dear readers, if we were talking about Kluga, having looked at how he was “technically angry” at managing a hopeless operation, the Model herself had to deal with it. He commanded the 9th Army and was able to lead the attack on the frontal face of the Oryol ledge. You have stood by K. Rokossovsky... there is nothing more to write and no need to write. This is an epic fake! I want to step up for the sake of justice. The model brings more or less decent order. And then it begins to be transferred from front to front to seal up the holes that were cracking along the seam of the Hitlerites’ defense and extinguishing numerous “fires” (which is what we call Hitler’s fireman). Initially, the offensive of the Radian troops on the border of the Dnieper was delayed, and then in 1944, Roka was appointed commander of the Army Group "Pivnich", replacing Field Marshal General G. von Küchler in this area. At this landing, he was able to stabilize the front near the Baltic States, avoiding the complete defeat of the army group. For the totality of merits of the 1st Berezny 1944 rock Model of the battles of the field marshals and the fencing with swords to the Litsarsky ridge (oak leaves were cut off in the fierce 42 for Rzhev).

Litsarsky ridge with oak leaves, swords and diamonds

Then he was transferred to Ukraine, on December 30, 1944, Model was appointed commander of the Pivden Army Group, Manstein's deputy. And then I managed to straighten the front and stabilize the situation until the summer of 44.
Then he is recognized as the commander of the Army Group "Center" in Bush's place and then he needs to say that he has shown himself to be even worse. Regardless of the German disaster in Belarus after Operation Bagration, the model could be consolidated on the frontier of the Great Patriotic War, and seriously damaged the 2-tank army near Warsaw. After this, Hitler called Model “a warrior of the Similar Front” and decorated him with diamonds to the Litsarsky Khrest, after which he transferred him to the Zahidny Front, where the camp was the same as the funeral. The model was able to frequently withdraw troops from the Falezsky Kazan, in addition, defeating the landing near Arnhem. Every day the end will become more and more inevitable. After the failure of the Arden operation, the Model was decidedly against it, having suffered further defeats in the country. The rest of Rurska was finished off by the Allied offensive operation. The model remains clear that the Third Reich no longer lies, having dismissed its headquarters and shot itself in the forest near Duisburg. His body was buried by an aide-de-camp in an unknown place, and after the war it was handed over to the sons of Field Marshal G. Model, who had buried the remains of his father in the soldier’s quarters near Fox Hürtgen. This is how my life ended.
Well, why do I respect your super-satisfied figure, ask me? A talented, truly master commander, who coaxes love from the soldiers and instills fear in the officers. A good staff officer, energetic and strong commander. That's all right. Ale sche vin spravzhniy kat ta viyskovy zlochinets! Punish “for the vipal of the earth” intercession of the punishers and the Gestapo - tse tezh Model. The theft of civilians from slavery and the impoverishment of entire population groups is the Model. The ruin of everything and everything is the Model. From Ukraine, no more, no less. The axis is like that.


B. Model and G. Guderian

Well, number 1, as you have already guessed, my dear readers, having become Eric Friedrich Levinsky von Manstein, with his hand on his heart, it was especially important for me to choose from the trifecta presented by you, that’s all these are the generals on one side of the truth military leaders, and otherwise even more ambiguous features. Well, that's great :-) It's grown so much :-)
As you noted when talking about No. 1, I translated him with two nicknames: Levinsky and von Manstein. There is no sweet mercy here. On the right is that the son of General Fritz Erich von Levinsky was born (to clarify, Monika Levinsky has no relation to this family. Neither is Bill Clinton), a piece of ancient family, which is in Polish bark nnya ta Helen von Sperling. Helena had a sister, Edviga, who was friends with another Prussian general (more precisely, a lieutenant general) and the military attache in the American States, Georg von Manstein, and they were childless. So the axis Georg and Edviga, after a year with biological fathers, adopted the newly born Erik (and it became on November 24, 1887) and began to sidle them like a shaggy son. Before speaking, their family already had one adopted child (more precisely, an adopted child) - little Martha, the daughter of Helena and Edviga’s deceased older brother. This is how the situation turned out.
There were about 30 generals at the curtains of Levinsky, Manstein and Shperling - to remember the hero of the Austro-Prussian war Albrecht Gustav Manstein, and Commandant Revel, as well as Lieutenant General in the Russian service Ernst Sebastian von Manstein, and the most famous author of “Notes 2 -1744” Christophe Herman Manstein. Well, let’s not forget that Paul von Hindenburg himself, the future President of Germany, became young Eric’s uncle. The military caste, and their body is their flesh!

Georg von Manstein

Eric Levinski von Manstein began his military career in 1906 as a cadet in the 3rd Guards Infantry Regiment, until he retired after completing his cadet corps. In 1907, a series of promotions to officers began. In 1914, his family graduated from the Military Academy and was appointed adjutant of the 2nd Guards Reserve Infantry Regiment.
He took an active part in the First World War, especially on the Convergence Front, and in 1914 there were a number of serious injuries. Having ended the war with the rank of captain, he was appointed head of the operational division of the headquarters of the 213th Infantry Division on the Western Front. For military merits and heroism, he was awarded several orders, including the Cross of the Cross of the 2nd and 1st degree, as well as the Royal Cross of the Royal Prussian Order of Budinka of Hohenzollern with swords.
After the war of deprivation, he served in the Reichswehr at various headquarters positions and until 1933 attained the rank of colonel. The arrival of the Nazis to power was not received very kindly, diverging from them on rich positions. Already in 1934, people openly spoke out against discrimination against Jewish military servicemen, thereby incurring the wrath of the Fuhrer himself. Blomberg and Reichenau wanted to expel him from the military service for such an initiative, but von Fritzsche’s intercession and the dull dissatisfaction of the Prussian officers were undermined. They were deprived of the service, but were added to the “black lists”. However, the career has not yet been important - in 37 Manstein was Quartermaster General of the General Staff, or the 1st intercessor of the Chief of the General Staff with the rank of Major General. The coming fate with the beginning of the so-called “General Purge” was on the lists for military service, but nothing was included here - just a demotion to the commander of the 18th Infantry Division in Silesia. Resign from the service of one of the greatest (or not the greatest) General Staff of your army without risking informing the Fuhrer.

cadet Eric Levinsky von Manstein

Before the outbreak of WWII, Manstein was already a lieutenant general, chief of staff of the Army Group "Pivden" under the leadership of von Rundstedt and one of the promoters of the plan to attack Poland. Well, as a matter of fact, the light came in front of the French company. During the discussion of the “Gelb” plan for the operation against the French, Manstein sharply realized that this plan was absolutely not far-reaching, and immediately launched his own - committing to a head attack with the wrong flank, through Belgium, as planned by the General Staff, and in the center, through the Ardennes. When this happens, the tank grouping is aimed directly at the head attack. Behind the legend, literally going crazy at the sight of such a breakdown in subordination and tradition, von Brauchitsch literally ignored Manstein from the people, and then, along with Halder, he achieved that the henchman was removed from his imprisonment and sent “to exile” - the commander of the 38th Ar Miysk Corps. It felt amazing here. Hitler then showed that his sensitivity to operational and strategic thinking is simply fantastic (as Manstein himself later revealed in his memoirs). Win accepts the Manstein amendment and orders a complete reworking of the plan to attack France. Erich himself, after the end of the company, takes away the “indulgence” and honors - the Royal Cross and the rank of general of the infantry.

Near Stalingrad

Everyone recognizes the tactical genius and operational mastery of Manstein. However, the rest of us rush out of office and want to directly take part in combat operations. In late 1941, he was appointed commander of the 56th motorized corps at the warehouse of the 8th tank division, 3rd motorized division and 250th infantry division.
At the beginning of the war with the USSR, Manstein's corps was located at the warehouse of the 4th tank group of E. Gepner of the Pivnich army group. The first few days were simply miraculous. For 5 days of motorization, the corps marched 250 km and established a bridgehead near Daugavpils. Then there will be a new hike to Lake Ilmen. And then Manstein ran into a counterattack near Siltsy and went to hell. Most of the blame there lay on Gepner, but the fact is overshadowed by the fact - the defeat was not weak.
Further, however, he renewed his reputation, taking part in the defeat of the 34th Army of the Russian Army of Ukraine near Dem'yansk.
On June 13, 1941, Manstein was appointed commander of the 11th Army, which was advancing directly on the Crimea. In addition, the 3rd Romanian Army was also in this operational order.
And here I showed myself 100%. Having defeated the numerically superior enemy, Manstein immediately occupied all of Crimea (the Crimea of ​​Sevastopol). This is truly an epic win, especially considering that the future field marshal had no tanks in his army. More to come. Together with Kleist, Manstein defeated the 9th and 18th armies near Berdyansk, and in the early 1942s, another brilliant victory was achieved - the defeat of the Crimean Front and the ensuing war by the Kerchin region. On 3 June 1942 the river fell into Sevastopol. The apogee of glory be to Manstein. 1 lipnya 1942 fate vin buv zrobleny general-field marshal.

Memoirs subject. Tsikavi, before speech

From there everything went smoothly. Near Leningrad, he recognized a fiasco. At the fall of 1942, he was appointed commander of the Army Group “Don” for the 6th Army at Stalingrad. If in the place of Paulus, people had achieved a little in the real control of the army and solved a little, it would have been possible for Manstein, with the vicinity of the Vikon, to have a task set before him - but it would have been like a trap. However, despite great difficulties, Manstein managed to conquer Rostov and avoid the complete defeat of all the fallen wings of the German Convergence Front. It’s true that in the cruel fate of 1943, Erik carried out a successful counter-attack on the Kharkov direct, pushing the Radian troops across the Siversky Donets River and encircling Kharkov, for which they piled up oak leaves to Litsarsky Khresta (12 Bereznya 1943). True, after all this time there are a lot of endings for the Germans of Kursk.
On June 3, 1943, Manstein, together with von Kluge, carefully and a little adventurously urged Hitler to carry out a radical reorganization of the major military corps of the Wehrmacht and put the commander-in-chief on a similar front. Hitler relented, but privately noted to himself that Mantstein was beginning to become an increasingly unsafe person for the new man, moving between military supplies and beginning activities in the political field. U zhovtni born 1943 Near Krivim Rog, Manstein, having obtained his last rest, will overcome the war. The Korsun-Shevchenkivsky cauldron was also thirsty for the Germans. His inheritance would have been even more greedy for the Hitlerites, so Manstein, in defiance of Hitler’s order, did not give notice of the accession and thus saved part of the army. True, such (and more than once) violation of orders became the last drop for Hitler, on which the Reich Chancellor’s patience was exhausted, and he sent the restive field marshal to the reserve, at which point, however, with swords up to the Litzar’s ridge with oak leaves. The war is over for Eric von Manstein.
During the remaining days of the war, Manstein was arrested by the English military services, and in 1949 he was brought before the English military court at Hamburzi, who convicted him for military crimes to 18 years in prison. Against the fate of being released into freedom in 1953, it’s amazing. Manstein, at the end of his career, became a military villain, and under his command the tactics of “scorched earth” were used.
Further, Adenauer asked to become a Radnik and Manstein took his fate from the creation and development of the Bundeswehr. Died of a stroke on June 9, 1973.
At which point we have decided that we are done with the Field Marshals of the Wehrmacht, and have not yet “finished off” all the Field Marshals of the Third Reich.
Have a nice time!
There will be more...

The organizer of the head troops defeated the Wehrmacht on the Pivden Front in 1941-1942 and died a mysterious death after our victory.

Whose fate corresponds to the 70 years of liberation of our region under the Nazi occupation. On the 14th of 1943, Rostov-on-Don was liberated, and on the 30th of September, the next largest city after Rostov was the city of Taganrog. In this article I would like to learn about certain facts that are not at all related to the initial descriptions of the heroes of the days of the Great White War.

VIEW OF KIEV TO ROSTOV The influx of German fire pits near Taganrog and Rostov was carried out mainly by units of the 1st German Tank Army of General Kleist. Ewald von Kleist was famous for his military activities. He was the creator of the world's first tank army and the master of the sharpened army of his enemy. The whole of 1941 was even more tragic for us. There were great and small differences in the radiance of the Radyan army. 1941 Rock Kleist together with General Guderian created the greatest sharpening of the Radian army during the entire Second World War - the Kiev Cauldron. As soon as the sharpening began, the Chief of the Radyansky General Staff, General G.K. Zhukov told Supreme Commander Stalin that it was time to deprive Kiev of its term. Stalin was overwhelmed by such a proposition. The result of this investigation: Zhukov was transferred to the active army, and then about 600 thousand soldiers, officers and generals perished in the cauldron, as well as a large amount of our military equipment. Only the 37th Army was able to escape from the Kiev cauldron at great expense. In good times, Marshal I.Kh. Bagramyan remembers this army dozens of times, but only once without mentioning the name of its commander, the upcoming military commander, General A.A. Vlasova. Before the speech, Vlasov, after the celebration of wounds recovered in battle, being awarded the order and appointments as commander of the 20th Army near Moscow and for a long time, until his full extent, the Germans were called in the Radian press by others after Stalin ivnik of Moscow." ON THE SHORE OF THE MIUS Why bother Kleist? After the fall of Kiev, on the orders of the commander of the Pivden Army Group, Gerd von Rundstedt, part of his tank armada Kleist quickly retreated, and then, according to the words of Marshal Bagramyan, “as Satan said,” he turns sharply to the Azov Sea. Here, on the distant borders of Taganrog in the area of ​​​​the village of Chernigovka on the 10th of June, the 18th Radian Army formed its base. After the death of the 100,000-strong army and the commander, Lieutenant General A.K. Smirnova, Kleist’s tanks without a break and the shooting of the Vranci on the 16th of June 1941 burst into the streets of Taganrog, shocking the townspeople who had been in the working places. The German occupation of the place began. Until the 28th, the Germans will reach the entire Mius River and immediately begin to develop their famous defensive line “Mius-Front”. Over the centuries, this term was deprecated and for the last 10-15 years, publications began to call it the “Invisible Mius Front.” The depletion of the army's supplies of ammunition and the early lack of roads that had arrived prompted Kleist to go on the defensive. Rundstedt is well suited to these decisions. Prote Hitler ordered the opening of the “Gateway to the Caucasus” - Rostov. Rostov was captured by the Germans on the 21st of leaf fall, but Kleist was unable to touch it: already on the 29th of leaf fall, Rostov fell, and the Germans rolled back to Taganrog.
Von Kleist's tanks on the streets of Rostov-on-Don This short campaign brought the Germans to great expense, but allowed them to dismiss information about the number and dislocation of the Radyan troops. For our people, this small victory is of great military and moral significance: the Germans, ever since the beginning of the Other World War, were hesitant to advance to a seemingly great stage. WHAT DID THE NEMTS SAY? We didn’t get the chance to turn around Taganrog. Our numerous assaults on the Mius Front ended in massive deaths. Here, on the snowy steppes, here near Sambek, the son-in-law of the author of this article Vasiliev Stepan Mikolayovich ended his life. This same story repeated itself in 1943. So the assault on the German defense, which began on the night of the 16th to the 17th of 1943, was marked by the eruption of the white Matveev Kurgan, and after 4-5 days it ended with the death of the Radyan units that broke through.
German tanks on Mius At the end of 1942, when the army of General Paulus was agonizing at the first Stalingrad cauldron created by the Red Army, Kleist’s army was at the frontiers of the Caucasus. The mixture of wonderful wisdom that you yourself can pour into the grandiose Caucasian cauldron and immediately begin to ask Hitler about the terms of withdrawing his army from the frontier of the Caucasus. Hitler gave permission to leave for a long time. This is what Kleist did when he lost his 27th birthday in 1942. At the same time, Kleist’s army was located at a distance of 600 kilometers from Rostov, while the army of Chervona was at a distance of 50 kilometers from our place. Tim no less, Kleist decided to practically lead his entire army through Rostov without expense and join forces behind the Mius Front.
March to Rostov, summer 1942 The Radian army, having attacked Rostov on the 14th, immediately wanted to break through the Mius Front, but in fruitless attacks we spent 830 thousand soldiers for 110 thousand German expenses. According to what the participants in the assault on the Mius Front witnessed, the Germans loudly shouted from their native Ukrainians: “Rus! Ivane! Well, go, go on the attack! And our soldiers, having finished their military uniform, went to their death. Radyansky Marshal K.K. Rokossovsky, in his book “Soldier's Equipment,” writes that our commanders often saw unjustified punishments and soldiers recognized unjustified expenses. KLEIST'S SHARE General Kleist, being a non-partisan military leader, often did not agree with the actions of his Nazi soldiers and was repeatedly removed from command. Then he again called upon the military and, for his military duties, gave up the rank of field marshal before his 1944 deployment. 25th April 1945 Kleist was arrested by the Americans and was victorious by them as evidence at the Nuremberg Trial against the Nazi villains. The USSR has long been on the Radyan side, under General Kleist. The food is to blame, why did we not receive from us, for example, the no less prominent General Guderian, who, after the liquidation of the Kiev cauldron, acted on our territory in Moscow and Tula directly? Kleist was handed over to the Radian side in 1949 and he was sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment. This is the only German field marshal who died in 1954 at the Volodymyr Vyaznitsa. Who has guessed: what is the reason for such a harsh punishment? Formally, we called Kleist a military villain, but many of his predecessors’ actual motive for such retribution was to shut up the aristocratic general. Kleist prepared materials for speculation about the military campaign in modern Russia, which was intended to point out the low level of the Radian military leaders and their military operations using old methods, which led to great proportions ів radyansky human losses.
German T-IV: the end of the road The Mius front broke through at Serpna in 1943, after the failure of the German offensive on the Kursk route in 1943. Until the 23rd September, the German occupation of the Oryol ledge was liquidated and the Germans ordered a quick exit to the Dnieper defense line. After the defeat of the Germans on the Kursk Duse, situations often arose when the Radian troops, who were collapsing on the approach, did not close the enemy in front of them. Taganrog, which for the Germans faced the threat of a formidable Radian army, was carried out without combat operations on the outskirts of the site by the partisans of the Vidvazhny-2 corral. It is noteworthy that during the reign of Rostov, the town of Taganrog was surrendered to the Germans and fought with them without military operations at their cordons. Prote Taganrog, like Rostov, has been awarded the title “place of military glory,” and they are preparing to build a memorial stele there. E. MALAKHIVSKY. Member of the Council of Krasnoznauts of Russia, disabled person from the Great German War, professor.