Publications in the Architecture section

Where did the Romanovs live?

Maliy Imperialsky, Marmurovy, Mikolayevsky, Anichkov - you can take a stroll through the central streets of St. Petersburg and, guess what, the palaces where representatives of the royal family lived.

Palatsova embankment, 26

Let's take a walk along the Palatsova Embankment. A few hundred meters away from the Winter Palace is the palace of Grand Duke Volodymyr Oleksandrovich, son of Alexander II. Before 1870 it was called the “small imperial court.” Here, all the interiors have been preserved in their original appearance, which reminds us of one of the main centers of social life in St. Petersburg at the end of the 19th century. If the walls of the palace were decorated with countless famous paintings: for example, on the wall of a large billiard room hung “Barge Haulers on the Volz” by Illya Repin. On the doors and panels there were monograms with the letter “B” - “Volodimir”.

In 1920, the palace became the Budynka of Scientists, and today it has become one of the main scientific centers of the place. The palace is open for tourists.

Palatsova embankment, 18

For a little while on the Palace Embankment you can see the majestic series of New Mikhailovsky Palace. Born in 1862, the famous architect Andriy Stackenschneider became the son of Mikoly I - Grand Duke Mikhail Mikolayovich. A new palace, for the purpose of refurbishment, the old houses were purchased, removing the Baroque and Rococo styles, elements of the Renaissance and the architecture of the hours of Louis XIV. Before the Yellow Revolution, there was a church on the upper side of the main façade.

Today the installations of the Russian Academy of Sciences were unveiled at the palace.

Milyonna Street, 5/1

Further away on the embankment of Roztashovany is the Marmurov Palace, the ancestral nest of the Kostyantinovichs - the son of Mikoly I, Kostyantina, and his nashchadki. The Italian architect Antonio Rinaldi was born in 1785. The palace became the first booth in St. Petersburg, and was veneered with natural stone. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Grand Duke Kostyantin Kostyantinovich was alive here in his family, famous for his poetic works; before the revolution, his eldest son Ivan. Another son, Gabriel, wrote the poem “At the Marmur Palace” during his emigration.

In 1992, the family was transferred to the Russian Museum.

Admiralty Embankment, 8

Palace of Mikhail Mikhailovich. Architect Maximilian Messmacher. 1885-1891. Photo: Valentina Kachalova / photobank “Lori”

Nearby, the Winter Palace on the Admiralty Embankment could be rebuilt in the Neo-Renaissance style. If it was the duty of the Grand Duke Mikhail Mikhailovich, the onuk of Mikoli I. They began to marry him if the Grand Duke became friends - the onuk of Alexander Pushkin, Sofia Merenberg, became his guardian. Emperor Alexander III did not grant friendship to his friends, and the love was recognized as morganatic: Mikhail Mikhailovich’s squad did not become a member of the imperial rank. The Grand Duke was hesitant to leave the country without living at the new palace.

Today the palace is rented out to financial companies.

Pratsi Square, 4

As soon as you go to the Palace of Mikhail Mikhailovich to the Blagovishchensky Bridge and turn left, on Praca Square you will see another child of the architect Stackenschneider - Mykolayivsky Palace. The Nyumu had a son, Mikoli I, Mikola Mikolayovich the Elder, who lived until 1894. At the end of my life, I also had a Budinka church, and everyone was allowed to attend services here. In 1895 - even after the death of the ruler - there was openly a women's institute at the palace named after Grand Duchess Xenia, sister of Mikoli II. The girls began the profession of accountant, housekeeper, and seamstress.

Today, in the future, known as the Palace of Practice in the USSR, excursions, lectures and folklore concerts are held.

English Embankment, 68

Let's turn back to the embankment and walk on the way out. On the road to the New Admiralty Canal there is a palace of Grand Duke Pavel Oleksandrovich, son of Alexander II. In 1887, he bought it from the daughter of the late Baron Stieglitz, a prominent banker and philanthropist, who founded the Academy of Arts and Crafts. The Grand Duke lived at the palace until his death - he was shot in 1918.

Pavel Oleksandrovich's palace has been empty for a long time. 2011 will be transferred to St. Petersburg University.

Embankment of the Miyki River, 106

On the right side of the Mika River, opposite the island of New Holland, is the grand palace of Grand Duchess Ksenia Oleksandrivna. Vaughn was befriended by the head of the Russian military fleet, Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich, onuk Mikoli I. The palace was presented to them for fun - in 1894. Towards the hour of the First World War, the Grand Duchess opened a hospital here.

Today, the Lesgaft Academy of Physical Culture is located near the palace.

Nevsky Prospekt, 39

We come out onto Nevsky Prospekt and fall right next to the Fontanka River. Here, along the embankment, the Anichkov Palace was in full swing. Yogo was named so behind the Anichkov Bridge in honor of the ancient family of the Anichkov nobles. The palace, built for Elizaveta Petrivna, is the elder one on Nevsky Prospekt. Architects Mikhailo Zemtsov and Bartolomeo Rastrelli shared the fate of his life. Later, Empress Catherine II gave a booth to Grigory Potomkin. To entrust the new ruler, the architect Giacomo Quarenghi gave Anichkov a message that was close to the point of view.

Beginning with Mikoli I, the most important heirs to the throne lived near the palace. When Alexander II took the throne, the widow of Mikoli I, Oleksandra Fedorivna, lived here. After the death of Emperor Alexander III, Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna settled in the Anichkov Palace. Here is the virus and Mikola II. He didn’t like Zimovy and spent most of his time as emperor in Anichkov’s palace.

Today there is a Palace of Youth Creativity in New. The cabin is also open for tourists.

Nevsky Prospekt, 41

On the other side of the Fontanka, there are private booths and another brainchild of Stackenschneider. At the end of the 19th century, Grand Duke Sergei Oleksandrovich bought it, and in 1911 the palace passed to his nephew, Grand Duke Dmitry Pavlovich. That one in 1917, who were exiled for their part in the assassination of Grigory Rasputin, sold the palace. And later he emigrated and imported pennies to sell to the palace beyond the border, so he lived comfortably for a long time.

Since 2003, fate will be in charge of the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, which will be in charge of concerts and creative evenings. Throughout the day there are guided tours of the palace halls.

Petrivska embankment, 2

And while walking around Peter's little house on Petrovskaya Embankment, the need not to miss the white grandeur will awaken the neoclassical style. This is the palace of Mikoli I, Mikoli Mikolayovich the Young, the supreme commander of all land and sea forces of the Russian Empire during the first stages of the First World War. Today in the palace, which became the remaining Grand Duke's dispute until 1917, there is a Representation of the President of the Russian Federation in the Pivnichno-Zakhidny Federal District.

It is important for me to tell you about such situations: I don’t like the standard “look left-handed, marvel right-handed, here we have a table, and here we have a side table.” Just how the news is different here, I don’t know, so let’s get the word out about those who have always wanted to come here, in this quiet little corner of old Moscow. Quiet. Needless to say, the word came to my mind, melodiously, because for a long time now I have been associated with the mystery of Romanov’s nickname. And I know that Oleksiy Mikhailovich is not so quiet anymore, but the world is still very violent, but he has taken root and is alive in the information... Well, it has come and it has come, not for nothing, by the way, that’s why I’m talking about the museum “Chambers” Romanov boyars" on Varvartsi

Do you know what kind of food was provided to bloggers at the first moment of meeting museum workers: “Did you know about the museum”? Do you know why? Moreover, the main contingent of teachers are foreigners, who may be part of the program for getting to know Moscow, and schoolchildren, who are brought here on excursions organized by the school. Our brother, the ultimate Muscovite and Russian, is not such a part here. I, who have known about the museum for ten years now, have put everything in and out... What I have spent and what I want to go there now is the theme of this planting.

1. There is not so much space in Moscow, where you can rub your hands for an hour. The capital was burning, it was in a state of awakening, the rulers and “sovereigns” moved through it like a sheepskin, who were crushing their own statements about beauty. No, I’m not writing that “Chambers...” is preserved in its original appearance, but it’s impossible to believe, but part of it was: its basement and white-walled cellar - refer to 15-16- e hundred.
Anyone who happened to visit the Archaeological Museum of Moscow while he was still alive for a short time, and who had a good time there - welcome to the basement, you will be able to save excavation items, salvage surpluses from the furnace (themselves have been fragmented for reconstruction), found objects from the past table it is.

Perhaps you will enjoy a not-so-museum-like basement - reference screens to show the goodness that was preserved in the cages, I think, the Romanov ensign.

... since the very fact of being found in such an ancient place, the ability to walk on stones and slopes, five centuries ago completely different feet walked...

It is important to know that even in the past century, the buildings were not burned with the help of dimars, that the heat from the stoves was lost through pipes, which were never replaced in the present day. Reconvert, so that Budinkovovo, as before, grow old and become kind, as in the past. Well, well, there’s a teddy bear with chaps under there, and it’s not at all for cats)

2. Listen to the history of the boyar family of the Romanovs, the history of the birth of the museum. However, why should you go on a tour yourself, and not just walk through the halls, the information sheets give more detailed information about the location and their significance.

With the help of “innovative technologies,” the museum plans to expand its exhibition space.

The great Kamyany place is unrecognizable)

Marvel at the number of images of the Romanov coat of arms, decipher the monograms on the trellises and the wall paintings, try on the height of the doors and discover why the ceilings were so low.

3. Not in the popular print palace in Kolomenskoye, but in historical interiors and pershoters, get to know the refectory and find out what such valuable things the boyars boasted among themselves, when it came to the field to trade off their wealth.

Look around in the boyar's office and the librarian.

Realize that for the most part, you know with decent erudition and by no means everything - the same trellises and pig skins for me, for example, became absolute surprises, and the history of this discovery did not deprive bajdujoyu.

Take a look into the room of the boyars of the same century, when they transferred to military service, and only a few fates after 10 fates. Maybe we should have been told about the boyars at the Radyan school for nothing, as they told us about the fools?

Find out how life was, if in the end they were mica, and not cursed.

4. Try on yourself a woman’s dark life, richly embellished, and so on... Pearls, all sorts of lady’s things, obligatory handicrafts, a rare exit from the walls of the booth and the grooming of children - today we would run away from such wealth We, girls, are like hell in the dark . And they are still waiting for the girls to go to the fair of names. Teremna... prison... why doesn’t it sound like that?

Watch the video about how they reconstructed and tried on boyar cloth with Chinese stitching, and marvel at TB how “in the frame of an antique mirror”)

To the clan sadib of the Romanov boyars(chambers of the 15th-17th centuries) were created in the 19th century after the inscription of Alexander I, which was the first scientific restoration in Moscow.
The museum presents relevant historical exhibits: from the 16th–17th centuries, books, engravings, writing aids, screenshots and other items.
This is the only museum in Russia, which is to familiarize the Russians with the sides of the patriarchal life of the Moscow boyars in the 16th-17th centuries.
Through the peculiarities of being in the new branch of It is impossible to transport children or disabled people.
At this moment zakritii museum for repair and restoration work.

Museum of the “Chamber of the Romanov Boyars” built near the Kremlin, in the historical chambers of the XV-XVII centuries. You enter the warehouse of a unique middle-class architectural ensemble. It is important that the first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, Mikhailo Fedorovich, was born in these very chambers. In the premises of the museum there are thematic exhibitions and reconstructions dedicated to the life of the great burghers of the garden. Museum of silent transfers from the 16th to the 21st centuries, and will present it to everyone who cares about the history of Russia.

About the museum

The ancestral garden of the Romanov boyars was created in the 19th century. at the request of Emperor Alexander I, after which all Russian emperors, ending with Mikola II, raised their chambers in order to honor the memory of their ancestors. Under the supervision of the architect F. F. Richter, restoration work was carried out, as a result of which the chambers were given the original appearance of a rich boyar's house of the 16th–17th centuries. A 1859 r. there was an open museum near the chambers. Both architectural elements and interiors were created: stoves, wooden nadbudova-svitlitsa, “boyar’s office”, “refectory chamber” and so on. The work carried out by F. F. Richter became the first episode of scientific restoration in Moscow.

At this time, the Romanov chambers are once again decorated with the family symbols of the dynasty: on the front and back facades the Romanov family coat of arms is depicted - a griffin (architect A. V. Chornousov).

The unique character of the museum is given by the historical exhibits. Here you can find references (pieces, copies, templates) from the 16th–17th centuries, screenshots, books and engravings, writing utensils, household items (furniture, clothes, textiles, embellishments, children’s toys, furniture). Thematic exhibitions are presented, dedicated to different aspects of the life of the rich bastards of the garden. So, in the boyar’s office there are objects that indicate the zeal for the ruler’s enlightenment, his burial and service at court, in the “girl’s room” - about the occupation of wives of the 16th–17th centuries: weaving, embroidering, and grooming children. The refectory chamber will give you information about the traditions of hospitality and banquets in the era of Middle Russia. In the exhibition you can also see used cutlery from the collection of the State Historical Museum. The walls of the refectory are upholstered in brocade fabric, created after the images of the 19th century. On the walls of the chambers, covered with brocade and hide tapestries, the coats of arms and monograms of the boyar family were applied.

The booklet presents a reconstruction of a traditional Russian stove and objects that were preserved until the home life of the 16th–17th centuries. A reference to a cook-cook from the 16th century, found during archaeological excavations in Zaryadya, can be found near the underground part of the museum complex. Presented there are archaeological monuments of the 12th–16th centuries, which tell about the Moscow region of Charge and the garden of the Romanov boyars during different periods of history.

History of the Romanov Chambers

The main chambers “on the upper slopes”, which date back to the 15th–17th centuries, have been preserved to this day. The stinks suffered more than once from the fires of Moscow and were overawed. In these chambers the first king was born Inasty of the Romanovs - Mikhailo Fedorovich. The 16th century was chosen to the throne, laying down the beginning of a 300-year-old dynasty. Tsarina Anastasia Romanivna Zakharina-Yur’eva, the first squad and mother of Fyodor Ioannovich, the remaining king of the Rurik dynasty, was from these very chambers.

From the beginning, in the 15th century, in this place the trusts of the Khovrin merchants were developed, which provided a white-stone base for preserving expensive goods, and the first gardens were built. Later, the Yuriev-Romanov boyars became rulers, and under such circumstances it became a great sadiba - stone chambers appeared with numerous courtyards, ice dams and komors. The boyars enjoyed their foreign culture and kept in touch with Englishmen who lived on the island, and also collected foreign books. Connections with the foreign culture and the high recognition of this species at that time were also reflected in the exhibition at the museum. In the 17th century Tsar Mikhailo Fedorovich ordered the house of the family garden and monastery to be pledged in honor of the family shrine - the icon of the Banner of the Blessed Virgin Mary. And in the chambers the abbot of the monastery was located.

The Romanov Chambers are located in Zaryadda, a district of Moscow, located “behind the rows” of shopping malls, at the exit from the Kremlin, between Varvarka Street, which in ancient times was the name of Razin, and the Moskva River. It took its name from the 16th century. The Romanov Chambers near Zaryadda are the only spores that were preserved from the great garden of the Romanov boyars.

The complex includes ancient chambers, a cathedral with gilded domes, churches, a battlement fortification wall - eleven different types of buildings of the 16th-18th centuries. This magnificent museum of ancient Russian architecture is simply heaven. Previously, the greatness of the hotel “Russia” was celebrated with him.

In the neighboring district of Chervonaya Ploshcha, in the middle of the old and new Moscow, on Varvartsi Street, Budinok 10, the architecture is similar, topped with a tall, ornate, tripover roof, The surface of the skin changes in size as the world grows in height. Tse Palati XVI-XVII cent., Branch of the Sovereign Historical Museum, “Chambers in Zaryadda”.

Varvarka and Zaryadya with the chambers of the Romanov boyars in the 19th century

There are a few churches on the territory of the complex, although before the revolution there were even more of them. Among them are the Church of the Great Martyr Barbara, after which the street was named, the Cathedral of the Znamyansky Monastery, the Church of St. Maximus the Blessed and St. George on the Pskov Hill, as well as the Church of the Birth of John the Baptist in honor of Clement, Pope of Rome, on this square. Also recreated here, melodiously, are the old stories that were preserved in the place - the Old English Door and the Chambers of the Romanov Boyars. The architectural ensemble is completed by the jagged wall of the Kitay-Mest fort.

The chambers are divided into two halves - male and female. On the first version, the human half, the interior is presented: “The Dining Chamber”, “The Boyar’s Office”, “The Library”, “The Senior Blues’ Room”. On the other version, the female half, “The Seni”, “The Boyar’s Room”, “Svitlitsa”. There are komori in the basement. The interiors of the ancient Chambers convey the originality of Russian life and culture of the 17th century. The interiors and furnishings of the rooms are made up of important items from the 17th century: stoves, fireplaces and enamelled dishes, sewing, women’s decorations, screens, boxes, furniture, wonderful paintings on the walls.

A. P. Ryabushkin, “The seat of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich with the boyars at his sovereign’s room.” 1893. State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
The white stone booth of the chambers was located in the warehouse of the great gentleman's courtyard. After the holidays of the past, the hour of falling asleep in the garden lasted until the end of the 16th century - it was already designated on the first plan of Moscow in 1597. For transfers, here, 12 linya 1596 r. Mikhailo Fedorovich Romanov was born, the founder of the new royal dynasty.

Mikhailo Fedorovich Romanov

The garden itself, since the 16th century, belonged to his grandfather - Mikita Romanovich Zakhar'ev-Yur'ev, the son of the same Roman Yuriyovich, who gave birth to the dynasty of the Russian kings of the Romanovs, brother of Anastasia Romanov, who became the squad of Tsar Ivan IV Gro It's a good day, grandfather of the first Tsar Romanov - Mikhail Fedorovich. The awakening itself, unfortunately, did not reach us in its original form. Then a deep white stone basement was preserved, dating back to the 16th century. The Chambers themselves were immediately erected in front of the monastery's vestibule, and over the years they were repeatedly exposed to fire and looting.

During the reign of Boris Godunov, the Romanovs, as the most powerful contenders for the Russian throne, fell from grace. In 1599, Fyodor Mikitovich was convicted, and then, by force, he was tonsured under the name of Filaret. From that hour the Chambers became ownerless. I, unimportant to those that Filaret Mikitovich was with the impostors near Moscow, and not long ago, being a Chen, was not alive in his home.

Once the garden was great, it occupied a prominent place in the topography of Moscow in the 16th century. It was, undoubtedly, one of the additional gardening spores that arose gradually, in connection with the growing family daily needs. The main living quarters of the Romanov boyar family were the great “Chambers on the Lower Fields”, located at the center of the garden.

On May 3, 1626, near Moscow, it began to burn as it devastated the place. The fire that was destroyed without sparing the Door of the Sovereigns. After the fire, Varvarskaya Street was expanded. The revival of the court began only after the abolition of Mikhail Fedorovich from the Russian throne. The new Sovereign was housed in the royal chambers near the Kremlin, through which the booth became known as “The Old Sovereign's Door, on the Varvarsky Khrests or near the Varvari Mountains.” At that hour, at the Znamyanskaya Church in the sovereign’s courtyard, Archpriest Yakov was already two priests and a third altar and other persons to the clergy. The royal chambers themselves were unlikely to be occupied by anyone.

24 Spring, 1631 r., after the death of his mother, nun Martha Ivanivna, Mikhailo Fedorovich, having signed the royal decree on the founding of the Znamensky monastery, and with a charter on the 1st leaf fall, 1631 r. having endowed the monastery with a large number of ancestral royal settlements and grounds, as well as the Chambers themselves, together with the whole garden - the “Old Sovereign Courtyard”, which became an invisible part of the monastery. Monastir, on white stone basements, having created two surfaces with a purpose - a substructure and the first living area on top of important crypt parts. There were two buildings that built the chambers of the Romanovs in the middle, and there were also wooden cells and a medicine room. The entire area of the monastery bula is surrounded in part by a particulate parkan, or more commonly by a palisade.

By the hour it burns 1668 rub. Having severely damaged the Znamyansky monastery, a report and complaint was sent to Tsar Oleksiy Mikhailovich. The Chambers themselves also suffered greatly, and in 1674. there were roses under the “cellar crypt” (basement). On the site of a preserved white-washed base of the 16th century. Master Meletiy Alekseev “and his comrades” argued in the stone of the new Chamber with a gank - the first and the other on top of the museum. In 1675-1679 rr. The rebuilt building served as the cells of the Chents. And in 1679-1752 - “treasury cells” (the administration of the monastery), which were the first place in the monastery after the temples of God, since the monastery administration was in them and monies were kept.

Fedir III Oleksiyovych.Krasunya (Artist - K.Y. Makovsky)

Tsarevich Fedir Oleksiyovich, heir to the throne after the death of his elder brother Oleksiy, was already in poor health, like all the sons of Oleksiy Mikhailovich under Maria Miloslavskaya. Since childhood, he suffered from many ailments, including paralysis and scurvy. So it happened that he became king, after the death of his father, in fourteen years.

The Miloslavskys, for the life of Oleksiy Mikhailovich with his young squad Natalia Narishkina, who moved to another plan, cheered. The older sisters helped Fyodor as much as they could. The young tsar, like all the children of Oleksiy Mikhailovich, became very enlightened by European politics. At meetings of the Boyar Duma, the instructions of the Ambassador's order to inspect the exit door (chimes) were read out to the boyars. The king burst into music and singing.

At 1680 rub. Tsar Fedir Oleksiyovich (onuk of Mikhail Fedorovich), after the party at Agathia Grushetskaya (28 June 1680), took up the construction of new wooden mansions, both for himself and for his squad, Agafia Grushetskaya, and for his sisters and the younger princesses. This mansion was erected around the tower, near the entrance wall of the Resurrection Tower Church; Natalia Kirilivna's house and mansion were moved here.

In 1737, the monastery and chambers were once again burnt. In the first half of the 18th century, the state cells from the chambers were transferred to another city, and the Georgian Metropolitan Opanas lived in the chambers along with his staff. They have been alive for ten years, from 1752 to 1762, during which the chambers were called bishops' chambers. From 1752 to 1856 rubles. I was rented out to various people.

Budinok of the Romanov boyars was born in 1857 (before restoration).
Façade: courtyard and on the side of Varvarka.
Already in 1857 the rock began to bear the status of a historical monument. Having served in the middle of the 19th century. interest in ancient monuments, including this area, especially in the homeland of the Romanovs. Emperor Alexander II ruled the museum “Budinok of the Romanov Boyars” at his ancestral estate, one of the first museums in Moscow. The chamber was purchased from the monastery, cleared out of late disrepair, carefully measured and restored.

The ensemble project was developed by the court architect F. F. Richter, who had similar historical analogues. The idea of the founders of the museum was that they would create the everyday atmosphere of the ancestors of the Russian Tsar. The restoration was completed in 1857-1858.

Once there was a need to spend the upper wood on top of the appearance of a mansion with a high dakh, ganok was obtained. Rich stoves were installed in the rooms, parquet was laid, and the walls were covered with expensive brocade with royal monograms. This upholstery has often been preserved even today. The rooms also had a lot of enamel paintings on dishes, sewing, women's decorations, screens, boxes, furniture, walls were decorated with beautiful paintings. And, although it was part of the monastery, a legend formed in the 1850s by court stakes, the people of Tsar Mikhail Romanov began to call him the place.

The living quarters were small rooms with important crypt parts, and were intended for men. Around the back "refectory" where the family dined and the guests were received, there is the "boyar's office" and the "room of the senior blues" with a great library and "primary books": an astrolabe, a telescope, cards. The women were given an upper tree on top, which was called a tower.

Here, however, there is a great spaciousness, illuminated by the featureless windows. The brightest place - the lamp - was intended for doing handicrafts. The female half also had a large number of books, mirrors, and various accessories: boxes and screens for blush, butter and surmil, earrings, rings, fans, as well as materials for all kinds of handicrafts. The boyar's daughter worked on the locks and embroidery frames along with her servants.

At that time, girls often got married without learning how to sew, spin or embroider. You can prepare your own posag with your own hands. Once married, the boyar became a full-fledged ruler of the little house. And, although she was not assigned to the trade and sovereign authorities of her leader, there is still a small voice in the domestic dominion.

Shahs of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich at the Chambers of the Romanov Boyars
After the revolution of 1917, the museum opened the “Museum of the Old Russian Pobut”, or the “Museum of the Boyar Pobut”, which preserved the relevant objects of long-past fates. Museum of Bottoms of Frequently Overwhelm.

Since 1932, it belongs to the branch of the State Historical Museum. On the territory of the museum, a unique piece of wood was discovered - three ends of a log, pillars that support its base, fragments of Russian beech masonry, as well as a necropolis of the 16th century. The most valuable and important discovery is a pottery complex from the late 15th to 17th centuries with two kilns that were working at the same time. A number of the forges revealed clay toys, fragments of dishes, pots - about 500 items.

The file consists of three parts, divided into different historical sections: boyar komori of the 16th century, black cells of the 17th century. and the museum area of the 19th century. The chambers have preserved the classic type of Russian hut, which consists of a “cage” (living area) and a “podkletu” (utility area).

There are stinks, like the letters “G”, like the letters “G”. From the outer side of the wall there are decorative 17th century decorations, window frames, cornices, and corner columns. In the middle of the tower there are small rooms, low, crypted parts of the stele, solid walls, doors, windows and stoves with rounded tops. Two rooms in the basement and another room above were decorated in the interior of a boyar's hut, characteristic of that time. The furnishings of the rooms are made up of, most importantly, relevant items from the 17th century.

In the interior
Boyarska їdalnya- the largest room with windows located on the street. Varvarka. This is where the family gathered for dinner. Banquets were held here, which were of a less official character, and the guests were received.

There is a table near the kitchen itself, the order of which follows the name “mesnitstva” - the distribution of service areas according to the sign of nobility: the distinguished guests sat next to the ruler, the less noble - in the middle end of the table.

The hand at the table is a small table with a kumgan (washbasin) and a bowl (bagattyu) - a device for washing hands at the time of the banquet. In the open space there are five armchairs, which were rare in a Russian booth of the 17th century. The walls and tables are lined, and the facelessness of traditional shops is laid out. The benches are made of different types and sizes of wood, upholstered with a welt screen with finely painted tops in the middle. Along the wall there is a table that looks like a bowl with ledges on which tableware is placed.

Also, foreign speeches have been exhibited to testify about the development of trade connections between Russia and Russia. Among them are a Swedish chandelier, half-shells of Turkish oxamite, a German engraving, a portrait of the boyar T. Streshnev in a frame (at that time portraits only came into everyday life and only a small number of nobles could afford them), a wardrobe with mica chairs, a figured pediment and painted paintings At the sight of great tulips, the lower doors.

The living room in the back room is decorated as boyar's office. There are windows at the door. The room presents the everyday furnishings of home affairs and served to furnish the head of the household. Under the icon of the removal of the work desk from the writing utensils.

Along with the table there is a chair, a bench and two tables. Also in the room there is a screen-house with books on leather palettes, a globe of the Dutch Amsterdam work of 1642, a portrait of a Russian diplomat of the 17th century. and Duma guy I. T. Gramotina and the painting “The settlement of Smolensk by Polish-Lithuanian troops in 1610.”

Two walls of the room are upholstered with cloth and two more with gilded Flanders cloth, which was valued at that time, especially with embellished embellishment. The entrance doors are decorated with green waterfalls, with relief images of historical subjects, fairy tales and everyday scenes (“Alexander the Great”, “Robber Nightingale”, “Fighters Fight” and others).

Go to the other half of the booth, which consists of two rooms, go through the exit platform. The first place in the exit cage is decorated in the form of a blue one, which served in the boyars' huts and as “sleeping chambers”, and as a place for saving speeches necessary for everyday life. Around the room, on benches, there are screens, screens and boxes, containing some living things and textiles. In the wall niches there are rotating kokoshniks (women's headdresses) and a drum with coughs and hairpins. Leading from the blue - entrance to the women's room, light, in which there is a window on three sides.

Take Roztashuvannya women's quarters, behind the shade, in the isolated part of the booth, best conveys the characteristic features of the women's lifestyle of the 17th century. The only thing for the woman at the moment (which, of course, she didn’t bother to read) was shit, as she remembered the permission.

It is obvious that the main furnishings of the interior of the room are objects associated with haptuvania: hoops, in which there are images of ornamental embroidery, screen-laying with haptuvania, on the wall there is an embroidered shroud from images of Christ in the throne (Shroud). In addition, in the room there are mirrors and chairs, “boxes” and a screen for fabrics and textiles, a wide bench, covered with oxamite, on its head there is a screen with a beveled top, which was placed in a bed under the pillow at night.

Far away, from the living rooms, near the basement of the 16th century, when it was time for the boyar Mikita Romanovich to conduct internal gatherings. In the basement there are screens for pennies and valuables, textiles, clothes and clothes, dirty bedclothes, dishes. Krim of this - items that tell us about the military service of the boyar, who was required to show up for war when he was armed and on his horse - cold and flammable, equipment and horse cleaning.

Coat of arms on the Romanov Chambers
The coat of arms of the Romanovs - from the image of a griffin, is emblazoned on the façade of the museum above the entrance doors to the outside façade on the side of Varvarka Street. “The niche of the Radian clock was walled up, the griffin was removed and the rest of this monument is not known. Under the hour of restoration work 1984-1991. The niche was opened. These recognitions were inherited by the robots in the archives. We found a low-profile project by F. F. Richter and a photograph from 1913, which depicts Emperor Nicholas II on the background of the façade of the chambers, with a griffin clearly visible above the entrance.”

In 2008, the birthplace of F. F. Richter - the birthplace of the Chornovykh-Richters and Paul Edward Kulikovsky, the site of the sister of Mikoly II, financially supported the reconstruction of two reliefs from images of heraldic griffins on the facades of the building.

Kondratyev I. K. “Siva is the old lady of Moscow.”
Kondratyev I. K. “Monuments of Moscow architecture.”

Usoltseva. Bloggers became aware that there were cups for the exhibition “The Romanovs” in the Manege, and the amazing museum has originals, and there is no one dedicated to the Romanovs. Between the 15th and 16th centuries, only a basement and part of the basement were lost.

01. Basement, what to save

The history of gardening and Palat is closely intertwined with the share of their rulers - the Romanov boyars, who were similar to the old, even old and well-born Moscow boyar nickname of the Koshkin-Zakhar'in-Yur'ev.

02.

The first ruler of the garden on Varvartsi bv was Mikita Romanovich Yuriev. Sin Mikhailo is the future first Russian Tsar of the Romanov family, born on June 12, 1596, literally, in a garden on Varvartsya.

03. First plan of Moscow

Around the year 1600, Boris Godunov sent Fyodor Mikitovich, son of Mikita Romanovich, to the monastery, where he lived under the name of Philaret. It will change if Mikhail Romanov is appointed to the throne on the 18th quarter of 1613. Filaret becomes the de facto ruler of Russia for a weak boy.

04. A historically unique piece of wood was discovered here - three ends of a log, pillars that support its base, fragments of Russian beech masonry, as well as a necropolis of the 16th century. The most valuable and most important discovery is the pottery complex of the late 15th-17th centuries with two simultaneously working kilns. A number of the forges revealed clay toys, fragments of dishes, pots - about 500 items.

The 1626 fire in Moscow did not spare the Chamber. And on the 24th spring of 1631, after the death of his mother, nun Martha Ivanivna, the tsar signed a decree on the founding of the Znamyansky monastery, and with a charter on the 1st fall of the leaves of the same fate, the monastery was endowed by the numerous royal royals behind her villages and places, among those already known give us a room. The monastic halls on the white stone basements will have two tops with tseglin - underlayment and the first living on top of important crypt parts.

05.

There were also wooden cells and a medicine cabinet there. In 1668, the Znamyansky monastery suffered from fire. The wards were damaged. A petition was submitted to Tsar Oleksiy Mikhailovich for help from the newlywed. The royal relatives, the Miloslavskys, cheered. And with this additional ward there were updates.

06.

On the site of the old chambers they placed chambers with a gank and called them “chambers on lochs”

07.

From 1752 to 1762, the Georgian Metropolitan Athanasius lived in the chambers and was on staff. Therefore the chambers were called bishops' chambers.

08. Weather vane

09.

In the mid-19th century, Emperor Alexander II ruled over his ancestral estate the museum "Budinok of the Romanov Boyars", one of the first museums in Moscow. The chamber was purchased from the monastery, cleared out of late disrepair, carefully measured and restored.

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